Week 9 - Cognitive and Social Fucntionning

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of intellectual disability (ID) as defined by the DSM-5?
a) Significant limitation in intellectual functioning (IQ < 70-75)
b) A delay in social and emotional development
c) Limitations in at least two adaptive skills
d) Onset of symptoms before age 18

Answer 1

Answer: b) A delay in social and emotional development

Question 2

Which condition is commonly associated with atlantoaxial instability, which increases the risk of spinal cord injury?
a) Down syndrome
b) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
c) Prader Willi Syndrome
d) Autism

Answer 2

Answer: a) Down syndrome

Question 3

In individuals with autism, which of the following is a common sensory processing issue?
a) Hyperphagia (overeating)
b) Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli (e.g., touch)
c) Chronotrophic incompetence (low maximum heart rate)
d) Joint laxity and hypotonia

Answer 3

Answer: b) Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli (e.g., touch)

Question 4

Which of the following best describes “sensory processing differences” in individuals with autism?
a) Difficulties in understanding complex social cues
b) Problems in processing and integrating sensory information
c) Hypotonia and speech delays
d) Lack of interest in physical activity

Answer 4

Answer: b) Problems in processing and integrating sensory information

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) in individuals with autism?
a) To promote language development through speech practice
b) To allow individuals to communicate expectations and reduce frustration
c) To improve physical coordination and motor planning
d) To help children with autism improve mathematical skills

Answer 5

Answer: b) To allow individuals to communicate expectations and reduce frustration

Question 6

Which of the following is a recommended approach when adapting physical activity programs for individuals with intellectual disabilities?
a) Use advanced abstract instructions for complex skills
b) Provide concrete and multisensory experiences with frequent demonstrations
c) Focus solely on cognitive tasks to improve mental functioning
d) Maintain an inflexible routine without changes or visual schedules

Answer 6

Answer: b) Provide concrete and multisensory experiences with frequent demonstrations

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is characterized by intellectual disability, short stature, and uncontrollable appetite due to a deletion on paternal chromosome 15?
a) Autism
b) Down syndrome
c) Prader Willi Syndrome
d) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 7

Answer: c) Prader Willi Syndrome

Question 8

Which of the following is a barrier to physical activity for individuals with Down syndrome?
a) Decreased interest in social interactions
b) Reduced cardiorespiratory capacity and altered endocrine profiles
c) High tolerance for sensory stimuli
d) Overuse of verbal instructions

Answer 8

Answer: b) Reduced cardiorespiratory capacity and altered endocrine profiles

Question 9

The concept of neurodiversity celebrates:
a) The notion that neurological differences are deficits
b) The belief that individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders should be treated uniformly
c) The understanding that brain differences among people are natural and valuable
d) The idea that all individuals with autism share the same cognitive abilities

Answer 9

Answer: c) The understanding that brain differences among people are natural and valuable

Question 10

In individuals with autism, which of the following is the most common communication challenge?
a) Using overly simplistic language
b) Difficulty with symbolic language and non-verbal communication
c) Preference for complex, abstract language
d) Avoidance of visual communication aids

Answer 10

Answer: b) Difficulty with symbolic language and non-verbal communication

Question 11

The prevalence of autism in Canada is estimated to be:
a) 1 in 10
b) 1 in 50
c) 1 in 68
d) 1 in 100

Answer 11

Answer: b) 1 in 50

Question 12

Which of the following statements accurately describes the prevalence of autism?
a) Autism is diagnosed in males four times more frequently than females.
b) The prevalence of autism in the U.S. is 1 in 100 children.
c) The diagnosis of autism occurs equally among males and females.
d) Autism is diagnosed more frequently in adults than in children.

Answer 12

Answer: a) Autism is diagnosed in males four times more frequently than females.

Question 13

The incidence of Down syndrome in the general population is approximately:
a) 1 in 800 births
b) 1 in 2,000 births
c) 1 in 5,000 births
d) 1 in 10,000 births

Answer 13

Answer: a) 1 in 800 births

Answer 14

Answer: b) IQ scores < 70-75 and limitations in adaptive skills

Question 15

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is the most prevalent known cause of intellectual disability (ID), affecting:
a) 9 in every 100 births
b) 9 in every 1,000 births
c) 1 in every 10,000 births
d) 1 in every 100,000 births

Answer 15

Answer: b) 9 in every 1,000 births

Question 16

Prader Willi Syndrome affects approximately:
a) 1 in 5,000 births
b) 1 in 10,000 births
c) 1 in 1,000 births
d) 1 in 100,000 births

Answer 16

Answer: b) 1 in 10,000 births

Question 17

In a study comparing obesity rates, the prevalence of obesity among youth with Down syndrome was found to be:
a) 13.0%
b) 31.2%
c) 24.6%
d) 55.0%

Answer 17

Answer: b) 31.2%

Question 18

The prevalence of obesity among youth with autism is:
a) 31.2%
b) 24.6%
c) 42.5%
d) 13.0%

Answer 18

Answer: c) 42.5%

Question 19

Which of the following groups has a higher incidence of obesity compared to the general youth population?
a) Youth with intellectual disabilities
b) Youth with autism
c) Youth with Down syndrome
d) All of the above

Answer 19

Answer: d) All of the above

Question 20

The prevalence of intellectual disability in the general population is estimated to be:
a) 1-3%
b) 5-7%
c) 10-12%
d) 20-25%

Answer 20

Answer: a) 1-3%