Sensory Impairments

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the impact of cataracts on visual function?
A) Cataracts only affect peripheral vision, leaving central vision intact.
B) Cataracts result in blurred or cloudy vision that may worsen over time, particularly in low-light conditions.
C) Cataracts typically result in complete blindness due to damage to the retina.
D) Cataracts cause progressive colour blindness, affecting the perception of red and green hues.

Answer 1

Answer: B) Cataracts result in blurred or cloudy vision that may worsen over time, particularly in low-light conditions.

Question 2

Which assistive technology is most commonly used by individuals with severe visual impairments to read printed material?
A) Hearing aids
B) Talking pedometers
C) Braille readers
D) Sign language interpreters

Answer 2

Answer: C) Braille readers

Question 3

What is the primary role of the retina in the human eye?
A) To focus light onto the lens
B) To convert light into neural signals for the brain
C) To protect the eye from UV radiation
D) To control the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil

Answer 3

Answer: B) To convert light into neural signals for the brain

Question 4

What is the main difference between sensorineural and conductive hearing loss?

A) Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to the outer ear, while conductive hearing loss is due to damage to the inner ear.
B) Sensorineural hearing loss is temporary, while conductive hearing loss is permanent.
C) Sensorineural hearing loss involves the auditory nerve or cochlea, while conductive hearing loss involves the outer or middle ear.
D) Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by infections, while conductive hearing loss is caused by age.

Answer 4

Answer: C) Sensorineural hearing loss involves the auditory nerve or cochlea, while conductive hearing loss involves the outer or middle ear.

Question 5

What is a common affective characteristic seen in individuals with visual impairments?

A) Increased independence and confidence
B) Self-stimulating behaviors like “blindisms”
C) High social engagement and large networks
D) Over-reliance on auditory cues in all settings

Answer 5

Answer: B) Self-stimulating behaviors like “blindisms”

Question 6

In the context of sensory impairments (e.g., blindness or deafness), which of the following is an important factor to consider when providing physical activity adaptations?

A) Reducing the use of equipment to prevent safety issues
B) Providing large print for all materials and instructions
C) Encouraging participation only in seated activities
D) Ensuring that activities are performed in silence to improve focus

Answer 6

Answer: B) Providing large print for all materials and instructions

Question 7

What is the primary benefit of using a talking pedometer for individuals with visual impairments?

A) It provides visual feedback about steps and distance
B) It gives audible feedback on activity levels, distance, and calories
C) It enhances social interaction during physical activity
D) It provides a visual map of walking routes

Answer 7

Answer: B) It gives audible feedback on activity levels, distance, and calories

Question 8

Which of the following is a key factor in reducing the barriers to physical activity for individuals with sensory impairments?

A) High-impact exercises to promote cardiovascular health
B) Maximizing visual or auditory access depending on the impairment
C) Avoiding the use of equipment to prevent confusion
D) Focus on outdoor activities without modifications

Answer 8

Answer: B) Maximizing visual or auditory access depending on the impairment

Question 9

By age 65, what fraction of people will experience irreversible vision loss?

A) 1 in 9
B) 1 in 10
C) 1 in 4
D) 1 in 2

Answer 9

Answer: A) 1 in 9

Question 10

Approximately how many people worldwide have some form of visual impairment (VI)?

A) 10 million
B) 19 million
C) 75 million
D) 1 billion

Answer 10

Answer: B) 19 million

Question 11

Which statement is correct regarding visual impairments (VIs)?

A) VIs affect more children than any other disability.
B) Up to the age of 5, 75% of learning is visually based.
C) By age 80, less than 5% of people will experience irreversible vision loss.
D) VIs are equally prevalent across all age groups.

Answer 11

Answer: B) Up to the age of 5, 75% of learning is visually based.

Question 12

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by the age of 80, what percentage of people will experience irreversible vision loss?

A) 1 in 9
B) 1 in 4
C) 1 in 10
D) 50%

Answer 12

Answer: B) 1 in 4

Question 13

Which of the following is true about hearing loss in older adults?

A) Hearing loss is the 10th most prevalent chronic condition in older adults.
B) Prevalence of hearing loss decreases with age.
C) Hearing loss is the 3rd most prevalent chronic condition in older adults.
D) Hearing loss is only a concern for individuals aged 80 or older.

Answer 13

Answer: C) Hearing loss is the 3rd most prevalent chronic condition in older adults.

Question 14

What percentage of Canadian babies are born with some degree of hearing loss?

A) 1 in 100
B) 4 in 1,000
C) 10%
D) 1 in 1000

Answer 14

Answer: B) 4 in 1,000

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the prevalence of hearing impairments in Canada is accurate?

A) 1 out of 10 Canadian adults experience some degree of hearing loss.
B) Approximately 10% of the population identifies as culturally Deaf, oral deaf, deafened, or hard of hearing.
C) Hearing loss is the most prevalent chronic condition among older adults.
D) Only 1 in 1000 Canadian babies are born with hearing loss.

Answer 15

Answer: B) Approximately 10% of the population identifies as culturally Deaf, oral deaf, deafened, or hard of hearing.

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary risk factor for developing glaucoma?

A) High blood pressure
B) Increased intraocular pressure (IOP)
C) Diabetes
D) Asthma

Answer 16

Answer: B) Increased intraocular pressure (IOP)

Question 17

Which of the following correctly classifies legal blindness according to the visual acuity standard?

A) Visual acuity worse than 20/40 with correction
B) Visual acuity worse than 20/200 in the better eye with correction
C) Total loss of vision in both eyes
D) Visual acuity worse than 20/100 without correction

Answer 17

Answer: B) Visual acuity worse than 20/200 in the better eye with correction

Question 18

Which of the following visual impairments is most accurately described as partial sight?

A) A condition where an individual can see only shadows and light
B) A condition characterized by blurred vision that cannot be corrected with glasses or contact lenses
C) A type of visual impairment in which vision can be corrected with glasses but still significantly limits the person’s ability to see clearly
D) A total loss of vision in both eyes

Answer 18

Answer: C) A type of visual impairment in which vision can be corrected with glasses but still significantly limits the person’s ability to see clearly

Question 19

Which of the following best describes travel blindness?

A) A condition where an individual is unable to navigate effectively due to severe glare or sensitivity to light.
B) Complete blindness where the individual can only perceive light and dark.
C) Partial loss of vision that only affects reading and near tasks, not mobility.
D) The inability to distinguish between different colors, making travel and navigation difficult.

Answer 19

Answer: A) A condition where an individual is unable to navigate effectively due to severe glare or sensitivity to light.

Question 20

Question 4: Light Perception
What is meant by light perception in the context of visual impairment?

A) The ability to see shapes, colors, and details at close distances.
B) The ability to detect light but not to distinguish specific visual details such as shapes or colors.
C) A condition in which vision is unaffected by external light sources.
D) Complete visual acuity with no functional limitations.

Answer 20

Answer: B) The ability to detect light but not to distinguish specific visual details such as shapes or colors.

Question 21

Question 5: Total Blindness
Which of the following is the defining characteristic of total blindness?

A) The ability to perceive shapes and shadows but not detailed vision.
B) Complete loss of sight in both eyes, regardless of lighting conditions or correction.
C) A vision condition where light perception is possible but detailed vision is not.
D) Impaired vision that can be corrected with prescription glasses or surgery.

Answer 21

Answer: B) Complete loss of sight in both eyes, regardless of lighting conditions or correction.

Question 22

Which degree of hearing loss corresponds to a hearing threshold of 27 to 40 dB?

A) Mild – use of hearing aid
B) Severe – sensory-neural loss
C) Slight – conductive loss
D) Profound – use of sign language

Answer 22

Answer: C) Slight – conductive loss

Question 23

For a hearing threshold of 41 to 55 dB, which of the following is most likely?

A) Hard of hearing – use of hearing aid
B) Deaf – any speech, even amplified
C) Profound – use of sign language
D) Hard of hearing – faint speech

Answer 23

Answer: A) Hard of hearing – use of hearing aid

Question 24

What level of hearing loss corresponds to a threshold of 71 to 90 dB?

A) Hard of hearing – faint speech
B) Deaf – any speech, even amplified
C) Hard of hearing – shouted speech
D) Hard of hearing/deaf – shouted speech

Answer 24

Answer: D) Hard of hearing/deaf – shouted speech

Question 25

Which degree of hearing loss corresponds to a hearing threshold of 56 to 70 dB?

A) Profound – use of sign language
B) Severe – sensory-neural loss
C) Hard of hearing – normal speech
D) Slight – conductive loss

Answer 25

Answer: B) Severe – sensory-neural loss

Question 26

A hearing threshold greater than 90 dB is most commonly associated with which classification?

A) Profound – use of hearing aid
B) Hard of hearing – faint speech
C) Deaf – use of sign language
D) Mild – use of hearing aid

Answer 26

Answer: C) Deaf – use of sign language

Question 27

Which of the following statements best represents the view of Deaf culture?

A) Deafness is seen as a medical condition that needs to be fixed through hearing aids or cochlear implants.
B) Deaf culture is defined by shared language (sign language), social beliefs, and values, where Deafness is viewed as a non-issue.
C) Deaf individuals typically prefer to use only oral communication and reject sign language as a form of communication.
D) Deaf culture is primarily centered around the use of hearing aids to enhance auditory communication in social settings.

Answer 27

Answer: B) Deaf culture is defined by shared language (sign language), social beliefs, and values, where Deafness is viewed as a non-issue.

Question 28

Sarah is a 28-year-old woman who has glaucoma, which has caused moderate visual impairment. She enjoys staying active but often faces challenges when participating in group exercise classes and navigating the gym environment. She has expressed concerns about how her visual impairment, due to glaucoma, affects her ability to engage in physical activities effectively and safely.

1. Based on Sarah’s visual impairment due to glaucoma, what are some barriers she may face when participating in group exercise classes or using the gym?

Answer 28

Sarah may face difficulties with depth perception, peripheral vision loss, and navigating obstacles due to her glaucoma. Additionally, she may struggle to follow visual cues or demonstrations in group exercise settings, which could affect her participation and safety.

Question 29

What specific adaptations or modifications could be made to ensure Sarah’s participation in physical activities, considering her visual impairment from glaucoma?

Answer 29

Modifications could include providing Sarah with verbal or tactile instructions instead of relying solely on visual demonstrations. Using talking pedometers or devices with enhanced audio feedback could help her track progress. The gym environment should be well-lit, clutter-free, and have clear paths to reduce any trip hazards.

Question 30

How might Sarah’s visual impairment impact her social experience in the gym or exercise classes, and what strategies can be implemented to enhance her sense of inclusion?

Answer 30

Sarah might feel excluded if the gym environment doesn’t accommodate her visual needs. To improve her experience, instructors can use both verbal and tactile cues, and peers can offer support during exercises. Creating a friendly and inclusive environment will help Sarah feel more comfortable and engaged.

Question 31

What are some long-term benefits of physical activity for individuals with visual impairments, and how might these benefits specifically apply to Sarah’s health and well-being?

Answer 31

Regular physical activity can improve Sarah’s overall health by enhancing cardiovascular fitness, maintaining mobility, and improving mental well-being. For someone with glaucoma, physical activity may also help manage intraocular pressure and potentially reduce the risk of further vision loss. Additionally, staying active can help Sarah maintain her independence and boost her confidence.