Week 9

Question 1

general characteristics of the phylum porifera

Answer 1

Sessile sponges thus making them filter feeders

Pore bearing meaning that there bodies contain many pores

Can regenerate rapidly

Fresh and salt water

Question 2

what are the 2 types of Canal system found within these sponges

Answer 2

Asconoids- flagellated also the simplest body form, pretty much a straight tube with side pores letting water in flagella then pull and cycle water through and out the top.

Syconoids- also has flagellated canals, there are a series of external bumps which act to increase suface area while letting water in.
food here is digested by choancytes

Leuconoids- most complex lacking a centeral chamber rather there is a series similar to that of a ant hill, this makes up majourity of sponges (most SA thus most effeicant

Question 3

what to choancytes do

Answer 3

Digest foods in syconids body struture sponges

Question 4

what are support cells found within sponges

Answer 4

Choanocytes
pinacocytes
Archeocytes

Question 5

what kind of reproduction is seen in sponges

Answer 5

Budding and fragmenration thus mostly asexual however some sexual reproduction may occur via internal and external fertilization which produce free swimming larva

Question 6

what are the 3 traditional classes of sponges

Answer 6

calcarea– calcium carbonate with 1,3 or 4 rays

Hexactinellids are glass sponges and are 6 rayed

Demospongiae have siliceous spicules and spongin fibers

Question 7

what are some general characteristics about Echinodermata

Answer 7

they are star fish which produce bilateral larvae, they cannot osmoregulation thus are limited to marine environments, also sessile

Question 8

what are 3 common classes within the phylum echinodermata

Answer 8

Asteroids - sea stars which are mostly predatory

Ophiuroids - Brittle starts which have jointed muscular arms and often scavengers

Holothurians - Sea cucumbers- sessile

Echinoids- Sea urchins - sessile

Question 9

some charateristicts about Asteroidea which are found within the class echionodermata

Answer 9

found along shorelines and on rocks

mouth is on the underside, ussulaly 5 arms and are able to move through use of tube feet

Question 10

talk about the water vascular system seen in the class asteroidea found in the phylum echinodermata

Answer 10

has a coelomic compartment which is unique to the class which consistes of a system of canals which conatin tube feet and dermal ossicles. This system function in locomotiion food gathering respiration and excretion (pretty much a one stop shop) this system is hydraulically which means that small muscles at the ends of tube feet raise the middle section creating a suction

Question 11

General characteristics of the class Ophiuroidea from the phylum Echinodermata

Answer 11

sliender and have a defined centeral disk tube feet also lack suckers thus will not find them stuck to things

Question 12

general charateristics about the class Enchinodea within the class enchinodermata

Answer 12

sea urchins which lack arms but they shell shows a 5 pair symmetry

sand dollars and heart urchins are bilateral

regular move by tube feet irrgular move by spines

deep ocean

Question 13

what differs interms of movement between regular and iregular urchins

Answer 13

Regular move by tube feet

Irregular move by spines

Question 14

what is Aristotle’s lantern

Answer 14

unique characteristic found in class echinoidea which is there feeding mouth part

Question 15

general charteristics about the class Holothuroid found within the phylum endiermata

Answer 15

sea cucumbers, tube like thus elongated along the oral aboral axis

crawl and move around the ocean floor

Question 16

general charteristics of the class Crinoidea within the phylum enchinodermata

Answer 16

sea lilies and feather stars