week 8

Question 1

what does the diversity of coral reefs look like?

Answer 1

Very diverse home to 1/4 all ocean species while only making up 0.1% of the ocean bottom

Question 2

where would most of the corals reefs be found

Answer 2

Indo-Pacific region

Question 3

what makes up a coral reef

Answer 3

-coral skeletons
- head of coral is made up of individual animals called polyps

Question 4

what are the 4 types of coral reefs

Answer 4

Fringing- Grows seaward directly from shore
Atoll- a fringing reef contuines to grow after the isalnd which it orginaly was attached to sinks
Barrier reef- silmar to fringing reefd but are sepreatd from land by water (moat)

Question 5

what are some majour threats coarl reefs face

Answer 5

Climate change
overfishing
coastal development
pollution
sedimentation

Question 6

brief description of phylum Cindaria

Answer 6

corals, hydra and jelly fish
characteristic specialized stinting organelle called a nematocyst(associated with cnidocytes)
has 2 forms both free swimming and sessile

Question 7

4 main classes of Cnidaria

Answer 7

Hydrozoa- hydriods
Scyphozoa- jellyfish
Cubozoa- cube jellyfish
Anthozoa- sea anemone and coral

Question 8

what are the 2 basic body plans assoatied with Cnidaria

Answer 8

1) polyp- sedentrary hydroid form, charaterized by a tubular body with mouth directed upwards surrounded by tentucals equiped with stinning nemocytes(coral)
1) medusa- free living form, bell or umbrella shaped

Question 9

do polyps and medusae both play roles in most Cindaria life cycels

Answer 9

yes there if often a polyps form which transforms into a medusae

Question 10

what are cindocytes

Answer 10

unique to cindarians which are cells pretty much allow for toxin injection

Question 11

what are nematocysts

Answer 11

Tiney capsules made of chitin marterial which contain a coiled filament which is covered in barbs and spines which on the endo of which contain cindoyces which inject enzyme toxin

Question 12

general charateritiscts within the class hydrozoa which is found within the order Cnidaria

Answer 12

both polyp and medusa forms

Question 13

general characteristics of the class Scyphozoan found within the family Cnidaria

Answer 13

Most of the larger jellyfish
some are sessile attaching to seaweed

Question 14

general charteristics of the class Staurozoa found within the phylum Cnidaria

Answer 14

No medusa stage its entire life is in the sessile stage
sexual reproduction
binds to seaweeds and objects found at the bottom of the ocean

Question 15

General characteristic’s of the class Cubozoan within the phylum Cnidaria

Answer 15

Medusa from is the most dominate during the life cycel however there are sessile phases within the life cycle

Question 16

General charateristics of Class Anthrozoa-flower animals found within Cnidaria

Answer 16

These highly ressemble flowers and plants, are sessile and vary in size and form( coral)

Question 17

what is the class Anthozoa within the phylum Cnidarian known for

Answer 17

being coral

Question 18

what are the 2 subclasses in Anthozoa

Answer 18

Hexacorallia= stony corals with have a 6 fold symmetry

Octocorallia which are often soft coral with 8 fold symmetry