Week 9 & 10 Flashcards
Notes, Definition, Concepts, Examples
Culture
- A set of patterns of human activity within a society or community
- Symbolic and significant to the members of the community that identifies with that culture
- There are many cultural elements within one culture
- In this context, refers to the beliefs, norms, behaviors, and values that a given group of people deem acceptable
Cultural Diversity
- a quality of diverse and many different cultures
- a system that recognizes and respects the existence and presence of diverse groups of people within a society
Multicultural
- **A society that contains several cultural or ethnic groups. People live alongside one another, but each cultural group does not necessarily have engaging interactions with each other. **
- For example, in a multicultural neighborhood people may frequent ethnic grocery stores and restaurants without really interacting with their neighbors from other countries
Multiculturalism
Several distinct ethnic or cultural groups in a society
“Melting Pot” theory is…
- Assimilation
- assumes that various immigrant groups will tend to “melt together”, abandoning their individual cultures and eventually becoming fully assimilated into the predominant society
“Salad Bowl” theory is…
- Pluralism
- describes a heterogeneous society in which people coexist but retain at least some of the unique characteristics of their traditional culture
Diversity
involves all the ways that people are different; including characteristics that make one group or individual different from another
Equity
aims to ensure the fair treatment, access, equality of opportunity, and advancement for everyone while also attempting to identify and remove the barriers that have prevented some groups from fully participating
Inclusion
- a culture where everyone feels welcome by actively inviting every person or every group to contribute and participate.
- supports and embraces differences and offers respect to everyone in words and actions
Biological/Anatomical Sex
physical attributes of genitalia used to socially construct and assign “male”, “female”, “intersex”, gender classifications
Gender
social construct of norms, behaviors, and roles that varies between societies and over time. (male, female, nonbinary)
Gender Identity
one’s own internal sense of self and their gender; not outwardly visible to others
Cisgender
describes a person whose gender identity aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth
Transgender
someone who’s gender identity differs from the sex assigned at birth
Nonbinary
people who do not describe themselves or their genders as fitting into the categories of man or woman
Agender
describes a person who does not identify as any gender
Gender-Expansive
describes someone with a more flexible gender identity than might be associated with a typical gender binary
Gender is…
hierarchical and produces inequalities that intersect with other social and economic inequalities
Gender-based discrimination
intersects with other factors of discrimination, such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability, age, geographic location, gender identity and sexual orientation, among others. (intersectionality)
Gender-based violence (GBV)
- harmful acts directed at an individual based on their gender
- rooted in gender inequality, the abuse of power, and harmful norms
- a serious violation of human rights and a life-threatening health and protection issue
Sexual Orientation
- **the enduring physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to members of the same and/or other genders
** - lesbian, gay, bisexual, straight, etc
LGBTQIA stands for…
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Intersex, Asexual/Agender
Polyamory
practice of engaging in multiple romantic (and typically sexual) relationships, with the consent of all people involved
Homophobia
- The fear, hatred, discomfort with, or mistrust of people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or have some sort of other sexual orientation
- Biphobia: fear of those that are specifically bisexual
Transphobia
the fear hatred, discomfort with, or mistrust of people who are transgender, genderqueer, or dont follow traditional gender norms
Heterosexism
the assumption that heterosexuality is the “normal” sexual orientation
Race
- *the false classification of people that is not based on any real or accurate facts, nor is it based oon any biological or scientifc truth
- race can lead to disastrous consequences from physical, emotional, psychological hamrs and attacks, including massacres and genocides
True or False
The concept of race is socially constructed and created as a classification of human beings with the purpose of legitimizing dominance of white people over non-white people
True
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in 1619
Twenty Ndongans (people from present-day Angola) landed in Jamestown on a Dutch-Man-of-War as indentured laborers (not enslaved)
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in 1680
- beginning of racial slavery made into laws and judicial decisions in Virginia
- formal control of Africans for labor to sustain the economy (chattel slavery)
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in Mid-18th century (1750s)
africans and their descendants were identified by race
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in the 19th and 20th centuries
- scientific racism and eugenics programs in US
- attempting to prove differences among people as “inferior” and “superior”
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in the early 20th century
Scientific racism and eugenics- adopted by Nazi Germany against Jews, people with disabilities (physical & mental), black people, and other differences from europeans
Race History Timeline:
What event happened in 2000
- US scientists J. Craig Venter and Francis Sellars Collins study human DNA
- Venter and Collins discovered that there are no differences among humans. They discovered that “race” is not scientific or biological
Ethnicity
social characteristics that people may have in common, such as language, religion, regional background, culture, foods, etc
Systemic Racism
a system of structures that have procedures or processes that disadvantage marginalized groups
Structural Racism
set of inequalities rooted in the system-wide operation of a society that excludes substantial numbers of members of particular groups from significant participation in major social institution
Microaggression
everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, which communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
- an American legislation that guarantees certain rights to people with disabilities
- one of the first U.S. federal civil rights laws offering protection for people with disabilities
- set precedents for subsequent legislation for people with disabilities, including the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990
Section 504 Protests of 1977
- began on April 5, 1977
- thousands occupied federal buildings
- wanted federal government to grant: access to building, programs, employment, housing, education, and other activities
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
- passed the senate by a vote of 76 to 8
- ADA was passed and signed into law by president George H.W. Bush on July 26, 1990
- Regulations for Title I of the ADA were issued by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity commision (EEOC)
- Gave equal access and accommodations for housing, employment, and public spaces
Disability Culture
- developed in the late 1980s to cature differences in lifestyle that are caused or promoted by disability
- exist as communities of people around topics of disability
- cannot be defined by one specific description or language
- complex blending of art, performance, expression, and community
- the word “disabled” has been re-purposed to represent a social identity of empowerment and awareness
Disability as a social construct
concept of disability is a social construct from what society deems “normative” human abilities
Alice Sheppard
- a performing artist in disability culture
- dancer/choreographer for Axis Dance Company and Kinetic Light (a collaborative group of disabled artists)
- Founder/Artistic Director of Kinetic Light
Intersectionality
describes how a person’s social and political identities combine to create different modes of discrimination and privilege
* term was coined by Kimberle Williams Crenshaw in 1989
* identifies multiple factors of advantages and disadvantages
* factors may include: gender, caste, sex, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, disability, weight physical appearance, height, etc.
Alice Sheppard’s identities that overlap or intersect are…
- black queer
- woman
- disabled dancer
- choreographer in a wheelchair
Alice Sheppard creates choreography that…
- challenges conventional understanding of disabled and dancing bodies
- engages disability arts, culture, and history
Disability Culture Aesthetics
- does not conform stereotypes of disability
- explores multiple identities
- being honest
- exploring a history and culture of disability, race, gender, and sexuality
- believes that disability is more than the deficit of diagnosis
- a series of intersecting cultures, and a creative force
- movements do not represent triumph over disability
Lenelee Moise is…
- a Caribbean American Women Theatre Artist
- award-winning poet, performance artist, playwright, screenwriter, creative keynote speaker
- radical lesbian feminist, caribbean, haitian, american
- born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti in 1980, and grew up in the suburbs of Boston, MA
- earned an MFA in playwriting from Smith College
- Works influenced by both jazz and hip-hop, Moise explores the intersections of race, gender, sexual identity, and memory
Lenelle Moise poems
- “Rice Tight with Beans: Loving Caribbean Skin”
- “Madivinez” (means “lesbian” in Haitian Kreyol meaning “my divine”)
Akuyoe (Charlotte Akuyoe Graham
- award-winning american actor/playwright/author
- migrated with her family from Ghana as a child
- Teaches in prisons and youth programs, working with orphans in Ghana (through her Spirit Awakening Foundation)
- Acted in a handful of US American films (NCIS, General Hospital, Chicago Hope, God Bless the Child, Crashlanding, several others)
- African Cinema: Faith and Dreams
- Theatre: Spirit Awakening
Migdalia Cruz
- playwright of Telling Tales
- latinx playwright
- based in NYC
- Written over 50 plays
- recipient of numerous awards, including the National Endowment for the Arts
Phillip Kan Gotando
- Wrote Yankee Dawg You Die
- award-winning American playwright and filmmaker
- 3rd generation Japanese American
- University Professor @ UC Berkeley
- Recipient of numerous awards for playwriting including: Guggenheim fellowship, NEA fellowship, Rockefeler Playwriting award
- Selected Plays include: The Ballad of Yachiyo, Yankee Dawg You Die, The Dream Of Kitamura, Fish Head Soup, and Day Standing on Its Head
- his plays are typically about Asian American experiences in the U.S.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
- a US federal law from May 6,1882, prohibiting immigrants from China (Chinese people and later other Asian groups)
- Initially was a 10-year prohibition, later extended
- Permanent exclusion in 1902 onwards
- 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act: ended racial barriers in immigration
- 1965 Immigration of Nationality Act: ended the nationality barries to immigration
- Had a profound impact on Asian American culture and experience in the United States
