Week 8: Tropical Medicine 2 Flashcards
What are vectors defined as?
Define as arthropods (intervetbrate animals) that carry diseases
Examples of these include:
Mosquitoes, fleas, mites, live, bugs, flies
Differentiate between the intrinisc and extrinsic incubation period
Intrinsic incubation period is the time it takes for the human to develop symptoms and the extrinsic incubation period is the time its in the vector (the longer this is, the easier public health control is)
Explaint the life cycle of malaria
which type of mosquito transmits yellow fever, dengue and zika
Aedes Aegypti
What is a method to control malaria?
Control mosquito populations, use mosquito nets, repellant
What diseases does the Aedes Aegypti transmit/
Dengue, yellow fever and zika virus
What is the incubation period for malaria?
9-18 days
what is the incubation period for dengue?
3-13 days
Why is a second time infection of dengue worse?
This is because there are 4 strains of dengue, meaning it is the antibodies for other strains of dengue that don’t help you but make it worse
What are some easy ways that dengue can be controlled in communites that community members can do?
destroy breeding grounds and kill populations of mosquito. Can also use repellant and nets etc.
Breeding grounds are still containers of water and junk.
What is another way dengue can be controlled through scientific means/
Released a bacteria called Wolbachia into the mosquito population. This prevents mosquitos from developing dengue and zika. Also if a mosquito is infected with this bacteria and mates, the offrspring will be infertile
What is another infectious disease that is the same vector as dengue, causes small head in children if mother is infected and is controlled by similar means to dengue/
Zika virus
How is japanese Encephalitis transmitted, controlled and what does it cause?
Transmitted through mosquito to human or from mosquito to other host like pig/hoarse.
Controlled through vaccine in Torres straight
Can cause neurological impairement
How is Ross river virus spread
Mammals are infected (e.g. wallabies / kangaroos)
Mosquitoes bite these animals and become infected
Infected mosquitoes pass it onto humans (and horses, incident carriers)
How can ross river virus be prevented/controlled/
Mosquito control
However, is difficult due to the number of mosquitoes that carry it
Self-protection of mosquito bites
