Week 8 sherpath Flashcards
Which systemic effect of nitrates works to decrease the workload of the heart?
Decrease in heart rate
Increase in blood pressure
Relaxation of heart muscle
Decrease in venous tone
Decrease in venous tone
A patient with acute chest pain asks the nurse why sublingual nitroglycerin is better than swallowing a pill. The nurse responds knowing which information about sublingual nitroglycerin?
The therapeutic effect of sublingual nitroglycerin lasts longer.
The onset of action is the most rapid with the sublingual formulation of nitroglycerin.
Sublingual nitroglycerin is the most convenient formulation to administer.
The oral mucosa absorbs sublingual nitroglycerin into the systemic circulation more quickly.
The oral mucosa absorbs sublingual nitroglycerin into the systemic circulation more quickly.
Match the form of nitroglycerin with its appropriate onset of action.
1-3 minutes
15-60 minutes
Immediate
Answer choices
Intravenous
Topical
Sublingual
1-3 minutes
Sublingual
15-60 minutes
Topical
Immediate
Intravenous
Which number of nitroglycerin tablets is the maximum amount that Mr. Smitheal should take for chest pain?
One
Two
Three
Four
three
Which guidance would the nurse provide to Mr. Smitheal regarding storage of his nitroglycerin?
Keep the medication in a sealed bag.
Keep the medication in its original, airtight container.
Keep several loose doses of medication accessible in the pocket of his shirt.
Keep a bottle of tablets in the car at all times.
Keep the medication in its original, airtight container.
The nurse would tell patients to place one sublingual nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue every ___ minutes up to a maximum of three tablets.
5 minutes
The presence of which disease process is an absolute contraindication for treatment with nitroglycerin?
Hypotension
Decreased renal function
Pregnancy
Right-ventricular myocardial infarction
Right-ventricular myocardial infarction
Which route of administration for nitroglycerin is most common?
Topical
Sublingual
Oral
Intravenous (IV)
Sublingual
Which route of administration for nitroglycerin is associated with development of tolerance if a drug-free interval is not established?
Sublingual
Transdermal
Oral
Intravenous
Transdermal
The nurse monitors blood pressure while administering nitroglycerin intravenously knowing that the medication has which therapeutic action?
Lowering heart rate
Dilating vessels
Increasing blood pressure
Increasing preload
Dilating vessels
How long after administering nitroglycerin intravenously (IV) would the nurse expect the patient’s chest pain to be relieved?
Within seconds
After 3 minutes
Within 30 minutes
After 60 minutes
Within seconds
A patient asks why a nitroglycerin patch cannot be worn for 24 hours. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
Rashes are more likely with 24-hour use of a nitroglycerin patch.
Dizziness will occur more frequently with 24-hour use of a nitroglycerin patch.
Headaches will become more frequent and present with increased intensity with 24-hour use of a nitroglycerin patch.
Tolerance to the nitroglycerin can develop with 24-hour use of a nitroglycerin patch.
Tolerance to the nitroglycerin can develop with 24-hour use of a nitroglycerin patch.
A patient diagnosed with angina is being discharged home with sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of when to take the medication?
“As soon as I start having chest pain, I will take the nitroglycerin.”
“When I have chest pain, I will call my doctor before I take the nitroglycerin.”
“If the pain is not relieved after resting for 15 minutes, I will take the nitroglycerin.”
“I will take the nitroglycerin if the pain is not relieved after taking a nap.”
“As soon as I start having chest pain, I will take the nitroglycerin.”
A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin ointment. Which action by the nurse is most important when handling nitroglycerin?
Wash hands before handling nitroglycerin.
Wear a gown to protect clothing from medication spills.
Wear gloves when handling nitroglycerin.
Wear a surgical mask when handling nitroglycerin.
Wear gloves when handling nitroglycerin.
A patient with a history of angina and peripheral vascular disease inquires about taking sildenafil for erectile dysfunction while on extended-release oral nitroglycerin. Which educational information would the nurse provide?
Because both drugs help dilate vessels, it is safe to take together.
Both drugs can be taken together, but the effects of sildenafil may take longer to achieve.
Drugs for erectile dysfunction should not be taken with nitroglycerin.
Avanafil, not sildenafil, is safe to take with nitroglycerin.
Drugs for erectile dysfunction should not be taken with nitroglycerin.
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient regarding the difference between side effects of nitroglycerin that can be managed and adverse effects, which may necessitate discontinuation of the drug. Which conditions are considered side effects of nitroglycerin?
Select all that apply.
Headache
Swelling
Blurred vision
Hypotension
Confusion
Tachycardia
Headache
Hypotension
Tachycardia
What are key points a nurse would include while teaching another nurse about clonidine’s mechanism of action?
Select all that apply.
Clonidine suppresses the sympathetic nerves to the heart, which leads to bradycardia.
The effects of clonidine are mostly on the heart and vascular system.
Clonidine blocks sympathetic outflow, which increases cardiac output.
Clonidine suppresses the sympathetic regulation of blood vessels, which produces vasodilation.
Clonidine can be absorbed orally and transdermally.
Clonidine is metabolized through the liver.
Clonidine suppresses the sympathetic nerves to the heart, which leads to bradycardia.
The effects of clonidine are mostly on the heart and vascular system.
Clonidine suppresses the sympathetic regulation of blood vessels, which produces vasodilation.
The nurse is preparing to administer an oral dose of clonidine. Which pharmacodynamics would the nurse anticipate?
Peak effects in 6 hours
Onset of action in 90 to 120 minutes
Onset of action in 30 to 60 minutes
Duration of action 24 hours
Onset of action in 30 to 60 minutes
A patient who is prescribed transdermal clonidine asks the nurse, “Why do I only change the patch once a week?” Which response would the nurse provide?
“The patch will irritate your skin if you leave it on longer than 1 week.”
“One week is the length of time that the medication lasts.”
“The health care provider will need to change the prescription to apply the patch daily to get the maximum benefit.”
“Your body no longer responds to the medication after a week.”
“One week is the length of time that the medication lasts.”
Which teachings would the nurse need to include for Ms. Abbott, who is being discharged home on clonidine?
Select all that apply.
Do not eat grapefruit while on clonidine.
Do not discontinue clonidine suddenly.
Avoid hazardous activities initially.
Take the medication with food.
The medication can cause dry mouth.
Do not discontinue clonidine suddenly.
Avoid hazardous activities initially.
The medication can cause dry mouth
