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FCM 2 > Week 8 - Pathomechanisms > Flashcards

Week 8 - Pathomechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

The fundamental cause of disease is ______

A

the disruption of the natural flux of yin and yang

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2
Q

Generally speaking, in externally contracted febrile diseases, the struggle between _________ is more prominent

A

evil and right qi

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3
Q

__________ tends to be the prominent factor in internal damage and miscellaneous diseases

A

yin-yang imbalance

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4
Q

When the chief imbalance is between right and evil, the most effective method of treatment is _____

A

attack

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5
Q

Diseases primarily involving a yin or yang imbalance are treated by _____, by eliminating _____ and by supplementing _______

A

restoring the balance
excess
deficiency

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6
Q

Qi, blood and fluids all __________ the body

A

circulate throughout

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7
Q

As modes of communication throughout the body, the qi, blood and fluids are analogous to _______ in biomedicine.

A

nervous system (electrical signaling), endocrine system (chemical signaling)

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8
Q

Fluids can be subdivided into ____ and ____. Examples of fluids in the body are ______

A

saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, vaginal lubrication

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9
Q

How can the relationship between qi, blood and fluids be described?

A

They are mutually convertible. Deficiency of one impacts the other two. Blockage of one impacts the other two.

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10
Q

Diseases patterns of Qi can be divided into two major categories: _______ and ______

A

qi vacuity

qi stagnation

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11
Q

What are types of incorrect movement of qi?

A

stagnation
counterflow
rebellious

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12
Q

Qi vacuity is characterized by what signs?

A

fatigue, weakness, spontaneous sweating, low voice, frequent catching cold

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13
Q

Qi vacuity is due to ______________ giving rise to ___________ and reduced resistance to evils.

A

insufficiency of original qi

hypofunction of the organs

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14
Q

The phrase “qi is affected at the onset of disease” mainly refers to _________

A

qi stagnation

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15
Q

Causes of qi stagnation include ____________

A

mental & emotional disturbances, dietary irregularities, contraction of external evils, external injury

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16
Q

Qi stagnation is characterized by what signs?

A

pain, distention, oppression (chest, hypochondriac, abdomen, lower burner), glomus

17
Q

The major pathologies of the blood are ______

A

Vacuity, stasis, heat, (cold)

18
Q

Bleeding may give rise to _________, while ________ may give rise to bleeding.

A

blood vacuity or stasis

blood heat and stasis

19
Q

Blood vacuity may be caused by ___________

A

excessive blood loss, SP dysfunction leading to insufficient blood formation

20
Q

Blood vacuity is characterized by _______

A

pale white or withered-yellow facial complexion, dizziness, floaters, pale tongue, palpitations, insomnia, stiffness of the sinews/tendons

21
Q

Blood vacuity is related to which organs?

A

HT-governs blood, SP-produces & manages blood, LV-stores blood

22
Q

What are causes of blood stasis?

A

external injury, hemorrhage, qi stagnation, qi vacuity, blood cold, blood heat

23
Q

The four major types of blood stasis signs are ______

A

pain, masses & swelling, bleeding, general signs (complexion, tongue, pulse)

24
Q

What type of of pain is associated with blood stasis?

A

sharped fixed pain

25
Q

What type of masses & swelling are associated with blood stasis?

A

bruises, hard swellings internally

26
Q

Bleeding resulting from blood stasis is often seen in __________

A

menstrual irregularities, postpartum diseases

27
Q

What general signs are observed in blood stasis?

A

soot-black complexion, dark and purple tongue, rough-thin pulse, dark/distended sublingual veins

28
Q

Signs of blood heat pattern are _________

A

nosebleed, vomiting blood, blood in the urine/stool, profuse menstruation, agitation, red tongue w/ thin or no coat

29
Q

What are the dual disease patterns of qi and blood?

A

dual stagnation of qi and blood
qi & blood vacuity
qi deserting w/ blood and fluids

30
Q

List stages of fluid stagnation in order of increasing severity.

A

Water swelling, damp, phlegm, fire

31
Q

What are signs of LU qi vacuity?

A

short, hasty breathing, lazy speech, low voice, cough

32
Q

What are signs of HT qi vacuity?

A

shortness of breath, palpitation, disturbed shen

33
Q

What are signs of SP-ST qi vacuity?

A

fatigued limbs, withered-yellow complexion, reduced appetite, thin stool, indigestion

34
Q

What are signs of KD qi vacuity?

A

bright white or gray stagnant complexion, dizzy vision, tinnitus, deafness, long voidings of clear urine

35
Q

What are signs of HT blood vacuity?

A

palpitations, poor memory, insomnia

36
Q

What are signs of HT-SP blood vacuity?

A

loss of appetite, uterine bleeding, menstrual irregularities

37
Q

What are signs of LV blood vacuity?

A

dizziness, flowery vision, hypertonicity of limbs, dry nails, menstrual irregularities/block/reduced menstrual flow

FCM 2 (12 decks)

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