Week 8 (IVs) & Week 9 (IV pump and saline flush) Flashcards
What happens to the net movement of water in an isotonic solution?
Nothing!
- volume injected into the blood vessels will STAY in the blood vessels
What happens to the net movement of water in a hypotonic solution?
Movement of water into cells
- there are LESS solutes in blood vessels, water will move out of blood vessels and INTO cells
- watch out for edema
What happens to the net movement of water in a hypertonic solution?
Movement of water out of cells
- there are MORE solutes in blood vessels, water will move out of cells and INTO blood vessels
- watch out for hypertension
What are four uses of IV therapy?
- Rehydration
- Nutrition
- IV medications
- Volume replacement
What are two advantages of IV therapy?
- Faster onset of medications
2. Effective when oral/rectal route is unavailable
What are two disadvantages of IV therapy?
- Risk of infection
2. Hard to reverse the effects of medication before they occur
Name four potential localized complications of IV therapy.
- Phlebitis
- Infiltration
- Infection
- Cellulitis
What is phlebitis?
Inflammation in the walls of a vein
What in infiltration?
When IV fluids leak into surrounding tissue
- caused by improper placement of dislodgement
What is cellulitis?
Bacterial skin infection
How should you assess the IV site and tubing?
From the IV bag down to the IV site
What are primary IVs used for?
Secondary?
Primary: used for IV fluids
Secondary: used for IV medications
How frequently should IV tubing be replaced?
Every 72 hours
- or according to hospital policy
How long do IV bags last for?
Max 24 hours
- then replace
How long do IV sites last for?
Max 96 hours
- or according to hospital policy
How high should a bag be hung above a patient?
3 feet above the patient’s heart
What happens if the IV bag is below the level of the heart?
Infusion will NOT run
- blood will back up into the tubing
What patients are at high risk for fluid overload?
The elderly and patients with kidney or heart disease
What is the formula for calculating gtts/min?
(Volume / Time in mins) x drip factor = drops per minute
What is the formula for calculating flow by IV pump?
Volume / Time (in hours) = mL/hr
You are hanging Morphine 10 mg in a 50 mL NS mini-bag. The PDTM states it can be infused over 15 minutes, what rate would the IV pump be set at? What drip rate would it be running by IV gravity (10 gtts/ml)?
200 mL/hour
33 gtts/min
Doctor’s order: Cloxacillin 750 mg IV q4h
Reconstitution directions from pharmacy state: Add 6.8 ml sterile water to give 2G/8 ml.
How much of the reconstituted medication will you draw up in your syringe in order to
prepare a correct dose?
3 mL
Patient complains of nausea, you have already administered Gravol and Stemetil with no
effective results. You want to prepare Zofran 2mg in a NS 50ml mini-bag. If the vial holds
4mg/1ml, how many millilitres will you draw up?
0.5 mL
Ordered: Pantoprazole 8 mg/hr IV by continuous infusion.
The medication is supplied in a minibag as: Pantoprazole 40 mg in 100 ml NS
The medication will be administered using an IV pump. At what rate will you set
the infusion?
20 mL/hour
The doctor orders your patient to have 250 mL of IV fluid over the next 2 hours. If the patient has macrodrip tubing (10 drops/mL), how fast will the IV run in drops/min?
21 gtts/min
