Week 8 Breast Malignacies Flashcards
WHat is the MC cancer in women?
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer increases the risk for?
endometrial cancer
and vice versa.
The mass in Breast Cancer is most often detected by?
patient on self-breast examinatio
The majority of patients with breast cancer are diagnosed as a result of?
abnormal mammogra
What are the RF for Breast Cancer?
A. Increasing age
B. BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene
C. FH of gynecologic malignancies
D. First-degree relative with breast cancer – esp if premenopausal or bilateral or found in 2+ relatives – 15-20%
E. Personal history of breast cancer
F. Exposure to ionizing radiation, esp before age 30
What are associated factors with Breast Cancer?
Nulliparity First pregnancy after 30 yo Early menarche (before 12 yo) Late menopause (after 50 yo) Significant alcohol use
What is involved in the prevention Breast Cancer?
Early pregnancy Prolonged lactation Chemical or surgical sterilization Exercise Low-fat diet
WHat are the types of invasive breast cancer?
Invasive ductal (NOS) Medullary Colloid (mucinous) Tubular Papillary Invasive lobular
All invasive lobular, and 2/3 of ductal carcinomas are?
estrogen-receptor positive
What is inflammatory breast carcinoma?
aggressive form of breast cancer
diffuse/brawny/edema
erysipeloid border
without an
underlying palpable mass
What is Paget Disease?
ductal carcinoma
1% of breast cancers
How does Paget Disease present?
eczematous lesion
red/scaling/crusty patch on the nipple, areola, and surrounding skin
Does not respond to steroids
Unilateral or bilateral
mass is palpable in about 50% of patients with Paget’s disease
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is defined as
breast cancer that is
- diagnosed during pregnancy
- in the first postpartum year
- anytime during lactation
What is the minimal treatment of choice for Breast cancer in pregnancy?
modified radical mastectomy
Most women with breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or lactation will be candidates for?
systemic chemotherapy
Noninvasive cancers lack the ?
ability to spread
What is special about Lobular carcinoma in situ?
lacks the ability to spread
associated with development of invasive ductal cancer in 25–30% of cases within 15 years
Ductal carcinoma in situ
Age - 50s
Mammogram - Clustered microcalcifications
Diagnosis - Needle or excisional biopsy
Treatment - Surgical excision
Lobular carcinoma in situ
Age - 40s
Mammogram - Not seen on mammogram
Diagnosis - Incidentally on biopsy for other condition
Treatment - Local excision
What is critical to managing patients with initial, recurrent, and metastatic disease?
the presence or absence of estrogen and/or progesterone receptors in the nucleus of tumor cells
Both estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) are?
nuclear hormone receptors
The responsiveness of breast cancer to hormonal therapy is determined by?
tumor expression of the ER and/or PR
ER/PR-negative tumors are unlikely to benefit from?
endocrine therapy and would be better treated with systemic chemotherapy
ER-positive tumors are more likely to metastasize to?
bone
soft tissue
genital organs