Week 8 Flashcards
Gastrin
Stimulates gastric acid secretion, gastric mucosa growth, and gastric motility.
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion.
Secretin:
Stimulates bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas and inhibits gastric acid secretion.
Motilin:
Regulates gastrointestinal motility during fasting.
GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide):
Inhibits gastric acid secretion and enhances insulin release.
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD):
Erosion in the stomach or duodenal lining due to excess acid, H. pylori, or NSAID
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Acid reflux into the esophagus causing irritation and inflammation.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome:
Tumors in the pancreas or duodenum causing excessive gastric acid secretion.
Pancreatic Insufficiency
Inadequate enzyme production causing malabsorption.
Celiac Disease:
Autoimmune reaction to gluten damaging the small intestine lining.
Crohn’s Disease
Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, often affecting the small intestine.
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Excess bacteria in the small intestine causing bloating and malabsorption.
What are common symptoms and clinical investigations for malabsorption disorders?
Symptoms: Diarrhea, weight loss, bloating, nutrient deficiencies.
Investigations: Stool tests, endoscopy with biopsy, breath tests for lactose intolerance, and blood tests for nutrient level
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Functional disorder causing abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.
Diverticulosis & Diverticulitis
formation of pouches in the colon wall, which may become inflamed or infected.
Endoscopy
Used to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT):
Detects hidden blood in stool, often used for colorectal cancer screening.
Hydrogen Breath Test:
Detects lactose intolerance
