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Organic Chemistry 1 > Week 8 > Flashcards

Week 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

it is the chemistry of space

A

stereochemistry

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2
Q

Stereochemistry is a branch of chemistry that involves the study of the different _________ of atoms in molecules

A

spatial arrangement

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3
Q

it refers to the 3-dimensional arrangement of atoms

A

stereochemistry

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4
Q

the same order but different intrinsic shape

A

stereoisomer

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5
Q

(True or False)
Chiral is superimposable (identical) on its mirror image

A

False
(achiral)

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6
Q

(True or False)
Chiral is not super imposable (not identical on its mirror image

A

True

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7
Q

(True or False)
The most common source of molecular chirality is the presence of carbon atom bearing 3 different groups

A

False
(4 different groups)

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8
Q

In 1996, the IUPAC recommended that a tetrahedral carbon bearing 4 different groups be called

A

chirality center

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9
Q

Other names for chirality center

A

chiral center, stereocenter, stereogenic center and asymmetric center

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10
Q

(True or False)
CH2 and CH3 can be tetrahedral stereogenic centers

A

False
(more than one H bonded to C)

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11
Q

(True or False)
Any sp or sp2 hybridized C can be tetrahedral stereogenic centers

A

False
(less than four groups around C)

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12
Q

is bronchidilator that widen airways so it is used to treat asthma

A

Albuterol

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13
Q

is an antibiotic used extensively in developing countries because of its low cost

A

chloramphenicol

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14
Q

same chemical formula but different structures

A

isomers

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15
Q

isomers that have different connectivity

A

constitutional isomers

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16
Q

isomers that have the same connectivity but different spatial arrangement (configuration)

A

stereoisomers

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17
Q

mirror-image isomers

A

enantiomers

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18
Q

non-mirror image isomers

A

diastereomers

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19
Q

2 types of diastereomers

A

configurational and cis-trans

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20
Q

(True or false)
Constitutional isomer can have the same IUPAC names

A

False
(different IUPAC name)

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21
Q

(True or false)
Constitutional isomer have different physical and chemical properties

A

True

22
Q

Constitutional isomer have similar or different functional groups

A

True

23
Q

(True or false)
Constitutional isomer have different formula and connectivity

A

False
(same molecular formula)

24
Q

are compounds whose atoms are connectivity in the same order but with a different spatial arrangement

A

Stereoisomers

25
Q

these are nonsuperimposable mirror-image (chiral) stereoisomer

A

enantiomers

26
Q

these are nonsuperimposable non-minor image stereoisomer

A

diastereomers

27
Q

Test for chirality

A

(1) Presence of a single chirality center
(2) plane of symmetry

28
Q

(True or False)
A molecule will be chiral if it possesses a plane of symmetry

A

False
(will not be chiral)

29
Q

A plane symmetry also called

A

mirror plane

30
Q

Defined as an imaginary plane that bisects a molecules in a way that the two halves of the molecule are mirror images of each other

A

plane symmetry

31
Q

(True or False)
All molecules with a plane of symmetry in their most symmetrical conformation are achiral

A

True

32
Q

anti inflammatory agent

A

(S)-naproxen

33
Q

liver toxin

A

(R)- naproxen

34
Q

(True or False)
When naming a chiral compound, the configuration of the chirality center is indicated at the beginning of the name, italicized, and surrounded by parentheses

A

True

35
Q

(True or False)
When multiple chirality centers are present, each configuration must be preceded by a locant (a number) to indicate its location on the parent chain

A

true

36
Q

Pure enantiomers have ________melting and boiling points

A

identical

37
Q

(True or False)
Enantiomers show the same behavior only when they interact with other chiral substances, including their own enantiomer

A

false
(different)

38
Q

When a beam of plane-polarized light passes through an enantiomer, the plane of polarization _______.

A

rotates

39
Q

(True or False)
Separate enantiomers rotate the plane of plane-polarized light equal amounts but in same directions

A

false
(opposite)

40
Q

is an electromagnetic phenomenon

A

light

41
Q

A beam of light consists of two mutually perpendicular oscillating fields:

A

oscillating electric field
oscillating magnetic field

42
Q

The device that is used for measuring the effect of optically active compounds on plane-polarized light is a

A

polarimeter

43
Q

principal working parts of a polarimeter are

A

(1) light source
(2) polarizer
(3) cell
(4) analyzer
(5) scale

44
Q

a light source is usually a

A

sodium lamp

45
Q

for holding the optically active substance (or solution) in the light beam

A

cell

46
Q

for measuring the angle (in degrees) that the plane of
polarized light has been rotated

A

scale

47
Q

(Direction of rotation)
left or counterclockwise

A

levorotatory(-)

48
Q

(Direction of rotation)
right or clockwise

A

dextrorotatory(+)

49
Q

He is the father of organic stereochemistry

A

Louis Pasteur

50
Q

In 1848, Pasteur published a study on the recrystallization of various salts of_________, which are found naturally in wine (aka “________”).

A

tartaric acid, or “tartrates”
wine diamonds

51
Q

An equal mixture of two enantiomers is called

A

racemic mixture or racemate

52
Q
A

Organic Chemistry 1 (8 decks)

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