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PARA > Week 8 > Flashcards

Week 8 Flashcards

1
Q

This are parasites which inhabits the tissue and the blood of human with the aid of vectors

A

HEMOFLAGELLATES

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2
Q

Member Species of hemoflagellates

A

Leishmania spp.
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruzi

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3
Q

Found in peripheral blood

A

trypomastigote

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4
Q

vector

A

epimastigote

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5
Q

found in tissue

A

amastigote

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6
Q

can be found in human

A

promastigote

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7
Q

Structural Parts: basal body in certain flagellated protozoans that consists of a minute mass of chromatin embedded in the cytoplasm at the base of the flagellum

A

Blepharoplast

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8
Q

Structural Parts: is a disk shaped mass of circular DNAs inside a large mitochondrion that contains many copies of the mitochondrial genome

A

Kinetoplast

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9
Q

Structural Parts: a locomotory organelle of certain flagellate parasites, consisting of a finlike extension of the limiting membrane with the flagellar sheath; wavelike rippling of the undulating membrane produces a characteristics movement

A

Undulating membrane

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10
Q

What are the two parasites in undulating membrane

A

trypanosome and trichomonad

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11
Q

found in cardiac muscle

A

amastigote

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12
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Found trypanosome on the intestine of a triatomid bug were the ssame parasite found in a child suffering from fever and enlargement of lymph nodes

A

Carlos Chagas

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13
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi: exhibits all four stage of development

A
  1. Amastigote
  2. Promastigote
  3. Epimastigote
  4. Trypomastigote
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14
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Biological Vector: Meaning of TRACK

A

Triatomine bugs
Reduviid bugs
Assassin bugs
Conenose bugs
Kissing bigs

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15
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi
Biological Vector: Genera

A

Triatoma
Rhodnius
Panstrongylus

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16
Q

Disease: Chagas disease or American Trypanosomiasis
An intracellular parasite

A

Trypanosoma Cruzi

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17
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Modes of Transmission

-natural transmission by triatomine bugs through blood
-meal/contamination with infected feces

A

Vector

18
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi:
Modes of Transmission

-a prevalent mode of transmission in urban area. Gentian violet (24 hr) eliminates parasite in blood

A

Transfusion

19
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Modes of Transmission

-occurs during any stage of T. cruzi infection. Can result in premature labor, abortion or neonatal defects

A

Congenital

20
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Modes of Transmission

-ingestion of food contaminated with metacyclic trypomastigotes

A

Accidental

21
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Types of Biologic Vector

-transmission via mouth parts
-very efficient
-infection rate in vector is low

A

SALIVARIAN

22
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi:
Types of Biologic Vector

-hind gut station: acquired from feces or eating the vector
-inefficient
-infection rate

A

STERCORALIAN

23
Q

Pathogenesis

-active infection
-1-4 months duration
-most are asymptomatic (children most likely to be symptomatic)

A

Acute Phase

24
Q

Pathogenesis:
-10-30 years of latency
-relatively asymptomatic with no detectable parasitemia
-seropositive

A

Indeterminate Phase

25
Q

Pathogenesis:
-10 to 30% of infected exhibit cardio-myopathy or megasyndromes

A

Chronic Phase

26
Q

Acute Phase: incubation period

A

1-2 week

27
Q

Acute Phase: incubation period

A

1-2 week

28
Q

Acute Phase Features: edema of the eyelid and conjunctiva

A

Romaña’s sign

29
Q

Acute Phase Features: inflammation at the site of inoculation

A

Chagoma

30
Q

-long latency characterized by seropositivity and no parasitemia
-higher prevalence of ECG abnormalities in asymptomatic seropositive persons
-progressive development of abnormalities

A

Chronic Chagas’ Cardiomyopathy

31
Q

Amastigotes of T. cruzi would be indistinguishable from those of?

A

L.donovoni

32
Q

Diagnosis: detection of parasite

A

acute stage

33
Q

Diagnosis: serology

A

chronic stage

34
Q

Diagnosis: allow triatomine bugs to feed on patient and look 10-30 days later for flagellates

A

Xenodiagnosis

35
Q

Clinical Manifestation: Winterbottom’s sign (enlarged, non-tender posterior cervical lymph nodes with a consistency of ripe pulms

A

Gambian trypaanosomiasis

36
Q

Leishmania have two morphological forms:

A

Amastigote
Promastigote

37
Q

Leishmania have two morphological forms:

A

Amastigote
Promastigote

38
Q

Leishmania spp.
-infective stage
-have single free flagellum arising from -kinetoplast at the anterior end

A

Promastigote

39
Q

Leishmania SPP:

Promastigote in the proboscis of the insect vector and the one that grow in

A

Artificial Media

40
Q

Lives intracellularly in monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and endothelial cells of the vertebrate host

A

Amastigotes

41
Q

Leishmania Transmission:

A

rodents, dogs, foxes, and jackals

PARA (4 decks)

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