Week 8

Question 1

What is an atrial septal defect

Answer 1

‘Hole’ between right and left atrium

Question 2

Which way will an ASD shunt

Answer 2

From left atrium to right atrium

Question 3

What is the definition of health inequalities

Answer 3

Health inequalities are differences in health across the population, and between different groups within society”

Question 4

What is the definition of health inequity

Answer 4

differences among groups that are unnecessary, avoidable, unfair and unjust

Question 5

What is a social determinant of health

Answer 5

arise from the social and economic conditions in which we live and
are not so fixed.

Question 6

Give some examples of social determinants of health

Answer 6

income, education, housing , built and natural environment (e.g. air pollution) , access to services, power, discrimination, health-related behaviours (smoking alcohol)

Question 7

What do poorer populations have a higher prevalence of?

Answer 7

• Cancers
• Circulatory diseases
• COPD
• Diabetes
• Mental health disorders
• High alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Obesity

Question 8

What are some measures of mulnerability

Answer 8

Age
* Ethnicity
* Geographic marginalisation
* Education

Question 9

How should health inequalities be reduced?

Answer 9

To reduce the steepness of the social gradient in health, actions must be universal, but with a scale and intensity that is proportionate to the level of disadvantage. We call this proportionate universalism.”