Week 7 - Upper Extremity Qs

Question 1

What deep muscle of the neck elevates and rotates the scapula?

Answer 1

levator scapulae

Question 2

what large muscle covers the posterior neck and upper half of the back?

Answer 2

trapezius

Question 3

what muscle covers the lower back and extends, medially rotates & adducts the humerus?

Answer 3

latissimus dorsi

Question 4

what muscles retract and fix the scapula to the thoracic wall?

Answer 4

rhomboid major & minor

Question 5

Which head of the biceps brachii is more lateral?

Answer 5

long head

Question 6

which head of the biceps brachii is more medial?

Answer 6

short head

Question 7

what are the ventral muscles of the upper arm?

Answer 7

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Question 8

what are the dorsal muscles of the upper arm?

Answer 8

triceps brachii, anconeus

Question 9

what are the muscles connecting the arm to the vertebral column?

Answer 9

trapezius, levator scapulae, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

Question 10

what are the muscles of the scapula?

Answer 10

deltoid, teres minor, teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis

Question 11

What are the 4 muscles that make up the rotator cuff?

Answer 11

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 12

where is the “critical zone”?

Answer 12

on the supraspinatus, approximately 1cm from insertion point on the greater tubercle of the humerus (due to impingement from the acromioclavicular joint which is passes beneath)

Question 13

what are the muscles connecting the upper extremity to the anterior and lateral thoracic walls?

Answer 13

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius

Question 14

what is a sagittal oblique shoulder scan?

Answer 14

perpendicular to supraspinatus tendon (parallel to glenoid fossa) from humeral head to scapula

Question 15

what is a coronal oblique shoulder scan?

Answer 15

parallel to supraspinatus tendon from posterior to anterior

Question 16

plan an axial shoulder

Answer 16

angle perpendicular to humerus

Question 17

plan a sagittal oblique shoulder

Answer 17

angle perpendicular to supraspinatus tendon on axial localizer

Question 18

plan a coronal oblique shoulder

Answer 18

angel parallel to supraspinatus tendon on axial localizer

Question 19

Where does the biceps brachii (long head) originate?

Answer 19

supraglenoid tubercle of the humerus

Question 20

where does the biceps brachii (short head) originate?

Answer 20

coracoid process

Question 21

Where does the biceps brachii terminate?

Answer 21

Two tendons:

1) radial tuberosity (stronger tendon)

2) bicipital aponeurosis (becomes fascia or forearm)

Question 22

What does the brachialis muscle do?

Answer 22

most important flexor of the elbow

*covers anterior elbow

Question 23

where does the brachialis muscle originate?

Answer 23

anterior surface of distal humerus

Question 24

where does the brachialis muscle insert?

Answer 24

unlar tuberosity & coronoid process

Question 25

where does the coracobracialismuscle originate?

Answer 25

coracoid process (with short head of biceps tendon)

Question 26

where does the coracobrachialis muscle instert?

Answer 26

medial surface of humerus

Question 27

what does the coracobrachia;is muscle do?

Answer 27

assists in arm flexion and adduction; hold head of humerus in joint capsule

Question 28

where is the triceps muscle located?

Answer 28

posterior surface of the humerus

Question 29

what does the triceps do?

Answer 29

primary extensor of forearm

Question 30

where does the triceps muscle originate?

Answer 30

long: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

medial: entire dorsal surface of humerus distal to radial groove

lateral: dorsal surface, lateral intermuscular septum of humerus

Question 31

where does the triceps instert?

Answer 31

olecranon process and posterior joint capsule

Question 32

where does the anconeus muscle originate?

Answer 32

lateral epicondyle

Question 33

where does the anconeus muscle instert?

Answer 33

travels obliquely across the elbow and inserts on the olecranon process (near triceps)

Question 34

what does the anconeus muscle do?

Answer 34

assists the triceps in forearm extension and provides dynamic stability for lateral joint capsule

Question 35

what joints in the arm allow for rotation of the forearm?

Answer 35

radioulnar & radiohumeral

Question 36

what joints create the hinge of the elbow?

Answer 36

radiohumeral & unlohumeral

Question 37

what is the capitellum?

Answer 37

rounded projection on distal end of humerus that articulates with the concave radial head

Question 38

what is the trochlea?

Answer 38

medial side of the distal end of the humerus, keeps ulna in place during flexion of radius and humerus

Question 39

What are the structures of the proximal ulna?

Answer 39

olecranon process, coronoid process, trochlear notch & radial notch

Question 40

what is the hook shaped dorsal surface that is the insertion point for the triceps bracii

Answer 40

olecranon process

Question 41

what is the half moon surface that curves around the trochlea?

Answer 41

trochlear notch

Question 42

what muscle inserts on both the coronoid process and the ulnar tuberosity?

Answer 42

brachialis muscle

Question 43

which tubercle of the humerus head is anterior?

Answer 43

lesser tubercle is anterior, greater tubercle is lateral

Question 44

what does the trapezius do?

Answer 44

stabilize scapula; elevate/retract/depress scapula

Question 45

what does the levator scapulae do?

Answer 45

elevate, rotate scapula

Question 46

the brachialis inserts at what two points?

Answer 46

coronoid process & ulnar tuberosity

Question 47

where is the head of the ulna?

Answer 47

at the distal end (near the wrist)

Question 48

what is the interosseous membrane?

Answer 48

strong, fibrous membrane stretching btw the ulna and radius, stabilizing and strengthening the connection btw the two bones

Question 49

what is the small conical projection on the medial distal end of the ulna called?

Answer 49

ulnar styloid process