Week 7 - Upper Extremity Qs Flashcards
What deep muscle of the neck elevates and rotates the scapula?
levator scapulae
what large muscle covers the posterior neck and upper half of the back?
trapezius
what muscle covers the lower back and extends, medially rotates & adducts the humerus?
latissimus dorsi
what muscles retract and fix the scapula to the thoracic wall?
rhomboid major & minor
Which head of the biceps brachii is more lateral?
long head
which head of the biceps brachii is more medial?
short head
what are the ventral muscles of the upper arm?
biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis
what are the dorsal muscles of the upper arm?
triceps brachii, anconeus
what are the muscles connecting the arm to the vertebral column?
trapezius, levator scapulae, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
what are the muscles of the scapula?
deltoid, teres minor, teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis
What are the 4 muscles that make up the rotator cuff?
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
where is the “critical zone”?
on the supraspinatus, approximately 1cm from insertion point on the greater tubercle of the humerus (due to impingement from the acromioclavicular joint which is passes beneath)
what are the muscles connecting the upper extremity to the anterior and lateral thoracic walls?
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius
what is a sagittal oblique shoulder scan?
perpendicular to supraspinatus tendon (parallel to glenoid fossa) from humeral head to scapula
what is a coronal oblique shoulder scan?
parallel to supraspinatus tendon from posterior to anterior
plan an axial shoulder
angle perpendicular to humerus
plan a sagittal oblique shoulder
angle perpendicular to supraspinatus tendon on axial localizer
plan a coronal oblique shoulder
angel parallel to supraspinatus tendon on axial localizer
Where does the biceps brachii (long head) originate?
supraglenoid tubercle of the humerus
where does the biceps brachii (short head) originate?
coracoid process
Where does the biceps brachii terminate?
Two tendons:
1) radial tuberosity (stronger tendon)
2) bicipital aponeurosis (becomes fascia or forearm)
What does the brachialis muscle do?
most important flexor of the elbow
*covers anterior elbow
where does the brachialis muscle originate?
anterior surface of distal humerus
where does the brachialis muscle insert?
unlar tuberosity & coronoid process
where does the coracobracialismuscle originate?
coracoid process (with short head of biceps tendon)
where does the coracobrachialis muscle instert?
medial surface of humerus
what does the coracobrachia;is muscle do?
assists in arm flexion and adduction; hold head of humerus in joint capsule
where is the triceps muscle located?
posterior surface of the humerus
what does the triceps do?
primary extensor of forearm
where does the triceps muscle originate?
long: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
medial: entire dorsal surface of humerus distal to radial groove
lateral: dorsal surface, lateral intermuscular septum of humerus
where does the triceps instert?
olecranon process and posterior joint capsule
where does the anconeus muscle originate?
lateral epicondyle
where does the anconeus muscle instert?
travels obliquely across the elbow and inserts on the olecranon process (near triceps)
what does the anconeus muscle do?
assists the triceps in forearm extension and provides dynamic stability for lateral joint capsule
what joints in the arm allow for rotation of the forearm?
radioulnar & radiohumeral
what joints create the hinge of the elbow?
radiohumeral & unlohumeral
what is the capitellum?
rounded projection on distal end of humerus that articulates with the concave radial head
what is the trochlea?
medial side of the distal end of the humerus, keeps ulna in place during flexion of radius and humerus
What are the structures of the proximal ulna?
olecranon process, coronoid process, trochlear notch & radial notch
what is the hook shaped dorsal surface that is the insertion point for the triceps bracii
olecranon process
what is the half moon surface that curves around the trochlea?
trochlear notch
what muscle inserts on both the coronoid process and the ulnar tuberosity?
brachialis muscle
which tubercle of the humerus head is anterior?
lesser tubercle is anterior, greater tubercle is lateral
what does the trapezius do?
stabilize scapula; elevate/retract/depress scapula
what does the levator scapulae do?
elevate, rotate scapula
the brachialis inserts at what two points?
coronoid process & ulnar tuberosity
where is the head of the ulna?
at the distal end (near the wrist)
what is the interosseous membrane?
strong, fibrous membrane stretching btw the ulna and radius, stabilizing and strengthening the connection btw the two bones
what is the small conical projection on the medial distal end of the ulna called?
ulnar styloid process
