Week 7: The Philippines Aids Prevention and Control Act of 1998 Flashcards by ZACHARIE JAEDIEL GONZAGA

AN ACT PROMULGATING POLICIES ANDPRESCRIBING MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HIV/AIDS IN THE PHILIPPINES, INSTITUTING A NATIONWIDE HIV/AIDS
MONITORING SYSTEM, STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

THE PHILIPPINE AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL CT OF 1998

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease that recognizes no territorial, social, political and economic boundaries for which there is no known cure.

 Promote public awareness about the cause, mode of transmission,
consequences, and means of preventing and controlling HIV/AIDS

 Protection of human rights of persons suspected or infected with
HIV/AIDS

 Eradicate conditions that aggravate spread of HIV infection such as:
poverty, gender inequality, prostitution, marginalization, drug abuse, ignorance

 Prevent discrimination in school, work, hospital, and even community

SECTION 2

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Is a disease that recognizes no territorial, social, political and economic boundaries for which there is no known cure

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

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refers to an HIV testing procedure whereby the individual being tested does not reveal his/her identity. An identifying number or symbol is used to substitute for the name and allows the laboratory conducting the test and the person on whom the test is conducted to match the test results with the identifying number or
symbol.

Anonymous Testing

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refers to HIV testing imposed upon a person attended or characterized by the lack of or vitiated consent, use of physical force, intimidation or any form of compulsion

Compulsory HIV Testing

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refers to the method of finding and counselling the sexual partner(s) of a person who has been diagnosed as having sexually transmitted disease.

Contact tracing

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refers to the virus which causes AIDS.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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refers to the documentation and analysis of the
number of HIV/AIDS infections and the pattern of its spread

HIV/AIDS Monitoring

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refers to measures aimed at protecting non-infected from contracting HIV and minimizing the impact of the condition of persons living with HIV.

HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

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refers to the presence of HIV infection as documented by the presence of HIV or HIV antibodies in the sample being tested.

HIV-positive

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denotes the absence of HIV or HIV antibodies upon HIV testing.

HIV-negative

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refers to any laboratory procedure done on an individual to determine the presence or absence of HIV infection

HIV Testing

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refers to the transfer of HIV from one infected person to an uninfected individual, most commonly through sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, sharing of intravenous needles and during pregnancy

HIV Transmission

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refers to an individual whose HIV test indicates, directly or indirectly, that he/she is infected with HIV.

Person with HIV

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refers to a person’s frequent involvement in certain
activities which increase the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV.

High-Risk Behavior

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refers to the voluntary agreement of a person to
undergo or be subjected to a procedure based on full information, whether such permission is written, conveyed verbally, or expressed indirectly.

Informed Consent

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refers to the relationship of trust and confidence
created or existing between a patient or a person with HIV and his attending physician, consulting medical specialist, nurse, medical technologist and all other
health workers or personnel involved in any counselling, testing or professional care of the former; it also applies to any person who, in any official capacity, has acquired or may have acquired such confidential information.

Medical Confidentiality

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these 2 departments along with TESDA, coordinated with DOH to integrate instructions

 Department of education, culture and sports (DECS),
 Commission of Higher Education (CHED)

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refers to the period of time, usually lasting from two weeks to six (6) months during which an infected individual will test “negative” upon HIV testing but
can actually transmit the infection.

Window Period

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refers to the process of providing an individual information on the biomedical aspects of HIV/AIDS and emotional support to any psychological
implications of undergoing HIV testing and the test result itself before he/she is subjected to the test.

Pre-Test Counselling

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refers to the process of providing risk-reduction
information and emotional support to a person who submitted to HIV testing at the time that the test result is released.

Post-Test Counselling

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Civic duty of health providers in private sector to relay
information & correct misconceptions on:
 Ethical issues
 Confidentiality
 Informed consent
 Duty to provide treatment

SECTION 5

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refers to any disease that may be acquired or
passed on through sexual contact

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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refers to HIV testing done on an individual who, after
having undergone pre-test counselling, willingly submits himself/herself to such test

Voluntary HIV Testing

Any person who knowingly causes another to get infected in the course of his profession thru unsafe practice is liable for:  Imprisonment: 6 – 12 years  Fines & Suspension or revocation of license  License of hospitals, laboratories, etc may be withdrawn if failed to maintain safe practice

SECTION 14

Coordinated w/ DOH to integrate instructions:  Department of education, culture and sports (DECS),  Commission of Higher Education (CHED)  TESDA All teachers of HIV courses shall be required to undergo seminar/training supervised by the above organizations

SECTION 4

● Appropriate info shall be attached/provided w/ every prophylactic offered for sale on prophylactics ● Proper use, efficacy, importance of sexual abstinence

SECTION 10

How long is the penalty for False & misleading ads & claims w/o approval of DOH and BFD

2 months to 2 years

 2nd testing may be demanded before transfusion, except during emergency cases  Donations of HIV positives may be accepted for research purposes  No lab/institution shall accept donations of organs unless tested negative for HIV  All donated blood is subjected to HIV testing, HIV+ blood should be disposed properly & immediately  2nd testing may be demanded before transfusion, except during emergency cases  Donations of HIV positives may be accepted for research purposes

SECTION 12

Any violation of medical confidentiality as provided in Sec.s 30 and 32 of this Act shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment for six (6) months to four (4) years, without prejudice to administrative sanctions such as fines and suspension or revocation of the violator’s license to practice his/her profession, as well as the cancellation or withdrawal of the license to operate any business entity and the accreditation of hospitals, laboratories or clinics.

SECTION 33

● False & misleading ads & claims w/o approval of DOH and BFD ● Penalty of 2 months to 2 years (fines & suspension, revocation of license)

SECTION 11

all discriminatory acts shall be punishable w/ penalty of imprisonment: 6 months – 4 years fine = not more than 10K institutions found guilty shall be revoked of licenses/permit

SECTION 42

DOH in coordination with concerned professional organizations and hospital associations:  Issue guidelines on precautions against HIV transmission  During surgical, dental, embalming, tattooing  DOH shall issue handling dispositions of cadavers, body fluids, or wastes by HIV positives  PPEs available at all times

SECTION 13

unlawful if Compulsory HIV testing used as precondition to:  Employment  Admission to university  Exercise of freedom  Continued stay in Philippines  Right to travel  Provision of medical service

SECTION 16

Council shall be the central advisory, planning and policy- making body: Secure from gov’t agencies concerned recommendations Council shall integrate IRR

SECTION 44

AIDSWATCH  Program to monitor HIV  Established under DOH  To monitor the magnitude and progression of HIV infection  For the purpose of evaluating adequacy & efficacy

SECTION 27

 All testing centers required to provide free pre and post-counseling services  Must be provided only to persons who meet standards of DOH  Pre-counselling - Information acquired will ensure confidentiality

SECTION 20

Compulsory HIV testing may be allowed only in the following instances:  Person is charged with any punishable crimes  When determination of HIV status is necessary to resolve relevant issues under EO 309 “Family Code of the PH”  When complying with provisions or RA 7170 & 7719

SECTION 17

 Program to monitor HIV  Established under DOH  To monitor the magnitude and progression of HIV infection  For the purpose of evaluating adequacy & efficacy

AIDSWATCH

No compulsory HIV testing shall be allowed States encourage voluntary testing for individuals w/ high risk for contracting HIV  Written informed consent first obtained  From person w/ Legal age  Or parents of minors/mentally incapable person Lawful Consent to HIV testing of donations when:  Person volunteers/freely agrees to donate for transfusion/plantation  Person executed a legacy  Donation executed based on S4 RA 7170

SECTION 15

 Testing centers shall adopt measures in assuring confidentiality  DOH shall receive, collate, evaluate reports  Database shall utilize a coding system that promotes anonymity

SECTION 28

Directed to strictly observe confidentiality in handling  All health professionals, medical instructors, workers, employers, recruitment agencies, insurance companies, data encoders  Other custodians of any medical record, file, data, or test results

SECTION 30

Confidentiality not considered breached:  When complying with reportorial requirements in conjunction with AIDSWATCH under sec 27  When informing other health workers directly involved in treatment (Universal precaution) Workers obliged to maintain shared med confidentiality  Responding to subpoena duces tecum and subpoena ad testificandum issued by court where main issue is HIV status or person  Confidential Medical Record sealed by lawful custodian after double checked accuracy by head of office  Hand delivered and personally opened by judge  Executive session

SECTION 31

 Person himself  Parent of minor  Legal guardian in insane persons/orphans  AIDSWATCH  Justice court of appeals

SECTION 32

multi sectoral, central advisory, planning and policy making body o Mandated by Law to oversee integrated & comprehensive program of PC HIV Attached to DOH - created by virtue of EO 39 dated Dec. 3, 1992 - shall be the central advisory, planning, and policy-making body for the comprehensive and integrated HIV/AIDS prevention and control program in the Philippines - consists of 26 members

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL

Council Composed of 26 members 1. Sec. of DOH 2. Sec. of DECS 3. Chairperson of CHED 4. Director general of TESDA 5. Sec. of DOLE 6. Sec. of DSWD 7. Sec. of DILG 8. Sec. of DOJ 9. Director general of NEDA 10.Sec.of DOT 11.Sec of DBM 12.Sec of DFA 13.Head of PIA 14.Pres of LoG 15.Pres of LoCM 16.Chairperson of CHSP 17.Chairperson of CHHR 18.2 reps from medical profs 19.6 reps from NGOs involved 20.Rep of org of Persons w/HIV Appointment must ensure discernible representation from med, laws, educ, health care, labor, ethics, soc services. All members appointed by President except for representatives of Senate and HR who shall be appointed by Senate pres/house speaker Members appointed not later than 30 days after enactment Secretary of Health – permanent chairperson of council, vice chairperson shall be appointed by members, term of 2 years Members and reps of medical profs and NGOs, 2 year term, renewable

SECTION 45

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL – multi sectoral, central advisory, planning and policy making body o Mandated by Law to oversee integrated & comprehensive program of PC HIV Attached to DOH - created by virtue of EO 39 dated Dec. 3, 1992 - shall be the central advisory, planning, and policy-making body for the comprehensive and integrated HIV/AIDS prevention and control program in the Philippines - consists of 26 members

SECTION 43

A syndrome experienced by a patient inflicted with HIV

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME

A single-stranded RNA belonging to the family Retroviridae

HUMAN IMMUNE DEFICIENCY VIRUS

The T-helper cells

CD 4 CELLS

The development of the different stages of AIDS

PROGRESSION OF AIDS

An organization that provides assistance to person with AIDS

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL

Organisms that a host harbors and which can cause the onset of a disease when the body’s immune system is weak

OPPORTUNISTIC ORGANISMS

Most common transmission f HIV

sexual contact

An act that protects the confidentiality of a person living with someone who has AIDS.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8504

Runs within 2-4 weeks after the initial infection, some patients experience what they describe as the “worst flu ever” also known as acute retroviral syndrome (ARS). Its symptoms include the ff: 1. High fever 2. Lymphadenopathy syndrome (swollen glands) 3. Rash 4. Fatigue 5. Headache

EARLY STAGE OF AIDS

During this stage, the virus replicates in the host’s body slowly. Although this condition is detectable through serologic testing, the patient may experience symptoms of varying degrees

LATENCY STAGE OF AIDS

A person infected with HIV who has not undergone medication will progress to having a condition called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is considered the final stage of a person with HIV. It is characterized by the weakening of a persons immune response due to the decrease of CD4 cells in the body. One or combination of the following symptoms may manifect in a person with AIDS: 1. Rapid weight loss 2. Recurring fever or profuse night sweats 3. Extreme and unexplained tiredness 4. Diarrhea lasting for a month 5. Pneumonia 6. Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders 7. Sores in the mouth, anus, or genitals The symptoms enumerated are accompanied by opportunistic diseases most commonly affecting the respiratory tract

PROGRESSION TO AIDS