Week 7: The Philippines Aids Prevention and Control Act of 1998 Flashcards
AN ACT PROMULGATING POLICIES ANDPRESCRIBING MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HIV/AIDS IN THE PHILIPPINES, INSTITUTING A NATIONWIDE HIV/AIDS
MONITORING SYSTEM, STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
THE PHILIPPINE AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL CT OF 1998
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease that recognizes no territorial, social, political and economic boundaries for which there is no known cure.
Promote public awareness about the cause, mode of transmission,
consequences, and means of preventing and controlling HIV/AIDS
Protection of human rights of persons suspected or infected with
HIV/AIDS
Eradicate conditions that aggravate spread of HIV infection such as:
poverty, gender inequality, prostitution, marginalization, drug abuse, ignorance
Prevent discrimination in school, work, hospital, and even community
SECTION 2
Is a disease that recognizes no territorial, social, political and economic boundaries for which there is no known cure
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
refers to an HIV testing procedure whereby the individual being tested does not reveal his/her identity. An identifying number or symbol is used to substitute for the name and allows the laboratory conducting the test and the person on whom the test is conducted to match the test results with the identifying number or
symbol.
Anonymous Testing
refers to HIV testing imposed upon a person attended or characterized by the lack of or vitiated consent, use of physical force, intimidation or any form of compulsion
Compulsory HIV Testing
refers to the method of finding and counselling the sexual partner(s) of a person who has been diagnosed as having sexually transmitted disease.
Contact tracing
refers to the virus which causes AIDS.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
refers to the documentation and analysis of the
number of HIV/AIDS infections and the pattern of its spread
HIV/AIDS Monitoring
refers to measures aimed at protecting non-infected from contracting HIV and minimizing the impact of the condition of persons living with HIV.
HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control
refers to the presence of HIV infection as documented by the presence of HIV or HIV antibodies in the sample being tested.
HIV-positive
denotes the absence of HIV or HIV antibodies upon HIV testing.
HIV-negative
refers to any laboratory procedure done on an individual to determine the presence or absence of HIV infection
HIV Testing
refers to the transfer of HIV from one infected person to an uninfected individual, most commonly through sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, sharing of intravenous needles and during pregnancy
HIV Transmission
refers to an individual whose HIV test indicates, directly or indirectly, that he/she is infected with HIV.
Person with HIV
refers to a person’s frequent involvement in certain
activities which increase the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV.
High-Risk Behavior
refers to the voluntary agreement of a person to
undergo or be subjected to a procedure based on full information, whether such permission is written, conveyed verbally, or expressed indirectly.
Informed Consent
refers to the relationship of trust and confidence
created or existing between a patient or a person with HIV and his attending physician, consulting medical specialist, nurse, medical technologist and all other
health workers or personnel involved in any counselling, testing or professional care of the former; it also applies to any person who, in any official capacity, has acquired or may have acquired such confidential information.
Medical Confidentiality
these 2 departments along with TESDA, coordinated with DOH to integrate instructions
Department of education, culture and sports (DECS),
Commission of Higher Education (CHED)
refers to the period of time, usually lasting from two weeks to six (6) months during which an infected individual will test “negative” upon HIV testing but
can actually transmit the infection.
Window Period
refers to the process of providing an individual information on the biomedical aspects of HIV/AIDS and emotional support to any psychological
implications of undergoing HIV testing and the test result itself before he/she is subjected to the test.
Pre-Test Counselling
refers to the process of providing risk-reduction
information and emotional support to a person who submitted to HIV testing at the time that the test result is released.
Post-Test Counselling
Civic duty of health providers in private sector to relay
information & correct misconceptions on:
Ethical issues
Confidentiality
Informed consent
Duty to provide treatment
SECTION 5
refers to any disease that may be acquired or
passed on through sexual contact
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
refers to HIV testing done on an individual who, after
having undergone pre-test counselling, willingly submits himself/herself to such test
Voluntary HIV Testing
Any person who knowingly causes another to get infected in the course of his profession thru unsafe practice is liable for:
Imprisonment: 6 – 12 years
Fines & Suspension or revocation of license
License of hospitals, laboratories, etc may be withdrawn if failed to maintain safe practice
SECTION 14
Coordinated w/ DOH to integrate instructions:
Department of education, culture and sports (DECS),
Commission of Higher Education (CHED)
TESDA
All teachers of HIV courses shall be required to undergo seminar/training supervised by the above organizations
SECTION 4
● Appropriate info shall be attached/provided w/ every prophylactic offered for sale on prophylactics
● Proper use, efficacy, importance of sexual abstinence
SECTION 10
How long is the penalty for False & misleading ads & claims w/o approval of DOH and BFD
2 months to 2 years
2nd testing may be demanded before transfusion, except during emergency cases
Donations of HIV positives may be accepted for research purposes
No lab/institution shall accept donations of organs unless tested negative for HIV
All donated blood is subjected to HIV testing, HIV+ blood should be disposed properly & immediately
2nd testing may be demanded before transfusion, except during emergency cases
Donations of HIV positives may be accepted for research purposes
SECTION 12
Any violation of medical confidentiality as provided in Sec.s 30 and 32 of this Act shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment for six (6) months to four (4) years, without prejudice to administrative sanctions such as fines and suspension or revocation of the violator’s license to practice his/her profession, as well as the cancellation or withdrawal of the license to operate any business entity and the accreditation of
hospitals, laboratories or clinics.
SECTION 33
● False & misleading ads & claims w/o approval of DOH and BFD
● Penalty of 2 months to 2 years (fines & suspension, revocation of license)
SECTION 11
all discriminatory acts shall be punishable w/ penalty of imprisonment: 6 months – 4 years fine = not more than 10K institutions found guilty shall be revoked of licenses/permit
SECTION 42
DOH in coordination with concerned professional organizations and hospital associations:
Issue guidelines on precautions against HIV transmission
During surgical, dental, embalming, tattooing
DOH shall issue handling dispositions of cadavers, body fluids, or wastes by HIV positives
PPEs available at all times
SECTION 13
unlawful if Compulsory HIV testing used as precondition to:
Employment
Admission to university
Exercise of freedom
Continued stay in Philippines
Right to travel
Provision of medical service
SECTION 16
Council shall be the central advisory, planning and policy- making body: Secure from gov’t agencies concerned recommendations Council shall integrate IRR
SECTION 44
AIDSWATCH
Program to monitor HIV
Established under DOH
To monitor the magnitude and progression of HIV infection
For the purpose of evaluating adequacy & efficacy
SECTION 27
All testing centers required to provide free pre and post-counseling services
Must be provided only to persons who meet standards of DOH
Pre-counselling - Information acquired will ensure confidentiality
SECTION 20
Compulsory HIV testing may be allowed only in the following instances:
Person is charged with any punishable crimes
When determination of HIV status is necessary to resolve relevant issues under EO 309 “Family Code of the PH”
When complying with provisions or RA 7170 & 7719
SECTION 17
Program to monitor HIV
Established under DOH
To monitor the magnitude and progression of HIV infection
For the purpose of evaluating adequacy & efficacy
AIDSWATCH
No compulsory HIV testing shall be allowed
States encourage voluntary testing for individuals w/ high risk for contracting HIV
Written informed consent first obtained
From person w/ Legal age
Or parents of minors/mentally incapable person
Lawful Consent to HIV testing of donations when:
Person volunteers/freely agrees to donate for
transfusion/plantation
Person executed a legacy
Donation executed based on S4 RA 7170
SECTION 15
Testing centers shall adopt measures in assuring confidentiality
DOH shall receive, collate, evaluate reports
Database shall utilize a coding system that promotes anonymity
SECTION 28
Directed to strictly observe confidentiality in handling
All health professionals, medical instructors, workers, employers, recruitment agencies, insurance companies, data encoders
Other custodians of any medical record, file, data, or test results
SECTION 30
Confidentiality not considered breached:
When complying with reportorial requirements in conjunction with AIDSWATCH under sec 27
When informing other health workers directly involved in treatment (Universal precaution) Workers obliged to maintain shared med confidentiality
Responding to subpoena duces tecum and subpoena ad testificandum issued by court where main issue is HIV status or person
Confidential Medical Record sealed by lawful custodian after double checked accuracy by head of office
Hand delivered and personally opened by judge
Executive session
SECTION 31
Person himself
Parent of minor
Legal guardian in insane persons/orphans
AIDSWATCH
Justice court of appeals
SECTION 32
multi sectoral, central advisory, planning and policy making body o Mandated by Law to oversee integrated & comprehensive program of PC
HIV Attached to DOH
- created by virtue of EO 39 dated Dec. 3, 1992
- shall be the central advisory, planning, and policy-making body for the comprehensive and integrated HIV/AIDS prevention and control program in the Philippines
- consists of 26 members
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL
Council Composed of 26 members
1. Sec. of DOH
2. Sec. of DECS
3. Chairperson of CHED
4. Director general of TESDA
5. Sec. of DOLE
6. Sec. of DSWD
7. Sec. of DILG
8. Sec. of DOJ
9. Director general of NEDA
10.Sec.of DOT
11.Sec of DBM
12.Sec of DFA
13.Head of PIA
14.Pres of LoG
15.Pres of LoCM 16.Chairperson of CHSP 17.Chairperson of CHHR
18.2 reps
from medical profs
19.6 reps from NGOs involved
20.Rep of org of Persons w/HIV
Appointment must ensure discernible representation from med, laws, educ, health care, labor, ethics, soc services. All members appointed by President except for representatives of Senate and HR who shall be appointed by Senate pres/house speaker Members appointed not later than 30 days after enactment Secretary of Health – permanent chairperson of council, vice chairperson shall be appointed by members, term of 2 years Members and
reps of medical profs and NGOs, 2 year term, renewable
SECTION 45
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL – multi sectoral,
central advisory, planning and policy making body o Mandated by Law to oversee integrated & comprehensive program of PC
HIV Attached to DOH
- created by virtue of EO 39 dated Dec. 3, 1992
- shall be the central advisory, planning, and policy-making body for the comprehensive and integrated HIV/AIDS
prevention and control program in the Philippines
- consists of 26 members
SECTION 43
A syndrome experienced by a patient inflicted with
HIV
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME
A single-stranded RNA belonging to the family
Retroviridae
HUMAN IMMUNE DEFICIENCY VIRUS
The T-helper cells
CD 4 CELLS
The development of the different stages of AIDS
PROGRESSION OF AIDS
An organization that provides assistance to person
with AIDS
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS COUNCIL
Organisms that a host harbors and which can cause
the onset of a disease when the body’s immune
system is weak
OPPORTUNISTIC ORGANISMS
Most common transmission f HIV
sexual contact
An act that protects the confidentiality of a person
living with someone who has AIDS.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8504
Runs within 2-4 weeks after the initial infection, some patients experience what they describe as the “worst flu ever” also known as acute retroviral syndrome (ARS). Its symptoms include the ff:
- High fever
- Lymphadenopathy syndrome (swollen glands)
- Rash
- Fatigue
- Headache
EARLY STAGE OF AIDS
During this stage, the virus replicates in the host’s body slowly. Although this condition is detectable through serologic testing, the patient may experience symptoms of varying degrees
LATENCY STAGE OF AIDS
A person infected with HIV who has not undergone medication will progress to having a
condition called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is considered the final stage of a person with HIV. It is characterized by the
weakening of a persons immune response due to the decrease of CD4 cells in the body.
One or combination of the following symptoms may manifect in a person with AIDS:
- Rapid weight loss
- Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
- Extreme and unexplained tiredness
- Diarrhea lasting for a month
- Pneumonia
- Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders
- Sores in the mouth, anus, or genitals
The symptoms enumerated are accompanied by opportunistic diseases most commonly
affecting the respiratory tract
PROGRESSION TO AIDS
