Week 7: Social Cognition

Question 1

Social Cognition

Answer 1

the mental processes and abiltiies in perceiving, processing, and interpreting information about social interactions

Question 2

Joint Attention

Answer 2

other people are intentional agents; they have intentions and an coodinate with them (9months)

Question 3

ToM

Answer 3

other people are mental agents; they have beliefs and thoughts that differ from my own (4 years)

Question 4

Joint attention at 6 months

Answer 4

able to follow the gaze

Question 5

Joint attention at over 6 months

Answer 5

8-9 months: babies begin pointing
before 9-12 months: babies often look at the pointer’s hand
over 9 months- babies will gaze check

Question 6

Social referencing

Answer 6

tendency of a person to look to a significant other in an ambigiou situation in order to obtain califrying information

Question 7

How do you test theory of mind?

Answer 7

sally-anne test

Question 8

True or false: children may have theory of mind before age 4

Answer 8

true

Question 9

How does ToM improve with age?

Answer 9

-biological maturation
-growth of general abiltiies
-experience with others
-langauge development (use of think, know, wonder, doubt)

Question 10

Spotlight effect

Answer 10

when you think everyone is paying attention t you

Question 11

Illusion of Transparency

Answer 11

when you overestimate how much others know your mental states

Question 12

Desire

Answer 12

mental states that can be motivated by physiology or by emotion

Question 13

by 18-24 months children use what to express their desires

Answer 13

language

Question 14

By age 3 what can children understand

Answer 14

that people think and that thinking is an internal act that inanimate objects don’t do

Question 15

For young children was does physical action represent

Answer 15

mental activites

Question 16

What can humor in the classroom be helpful for

Answer 16

-social acceptance and community bonding
-coping iwth difficult situations
-building positivity for students

Question 17

what predicts individual differences in moral judgement

Answer 17

-ToM
-qualitity of parenting
-moral identity
-education
-religiousity

Question 18

Moral judgement

Answer 18

how children reason about moral issues and laws

Question 19

Moral behavior

Answer 19

how children act

Question 20

Preconvential

Answer 20

values based on external events

Question 21

Stages in preconventional

Answer 21

Stage 1 and 2
1: acting to avoid punishment
2: acting to further one’s own interest

Question 22

Conventionql

Answer 22

assessing personal consequences

Question 23

Stages in conventional

Answer 23

3 and 4
3: decisions based on the approval of others
4: judgements based on the relative rules and laws of society

Question 24

Post conventional

Answer 24

shared standards rights duties and principles

Question 25

Post conventional stages

Answer 25

5 and 6 5: social contract rules and laws of social goof 6: guided by moral principle of justice

Question 26

High moral reasoning ability doesnt predict what

Answer 26

honesty, fairness, etc

Question 27

Low moral reasonaing is compared to what

Answer 27

delinquency and aggression

Question 28

Critiques of kohlberg's theory

Answer 28

- lack of consideration across situations -lack of predictive ability -lack of consideration of cultural context and gender bias

Question 29

inductive discipline

Answer 29

explain why behavior wasn't ok.