Week 7 - Self-Efficacy Theory

Question 1

define self efficacy

Answer 1

• situation specific confidence

“belief in one’s capabilities to execute the actions required to produce desired effect”

Question 2

how does Vealey 1986 describe confidence in sport ?

Answer 2

the belief or degree of certainty individuals posses about their ability to be successful in sport

Question 3

what are the three dimensions of confidence in sport ?

Answer 3

• competitive orientation
• trait sport-confidence
• state sport-confidence

Question 4

define competitive orientation

Answer 4

how individuals define success (winning or performing well)

Question 5

define trait sport-confidence

Answer 5

degree of certainty individuals usually have about their ability to be successful in sport

Question 6

define state sport-confidence

Answer 6

the belief individuals possess at one particular moment about their ability

Question 7

what are the characteristics of someone with weak self-efficacy ?

Answer 7

• avoid challenging tasks
• focus on personal failings and negative outcome
• quickly lose confidence in personal abilities

Question 8

what are the characteristics of someone with strong self-efficacy ?

Answer 8

• view challenging problems as tasks to be mastered
• become more committed to their activities following failures
• recover quickly from setbacks

Question 9

how do people with low self-efficacy view pre-competition anxiety ?

Answer 9

• outside athlete’s control

- debilitative to performance

Question 10

how do people with high self-efficacy view pre-competition anxiety ?

Answer 10

• controllable

- facilitative to performance

Question 11

what are the 3 dimensions within the self-efficacy theory ?

Answer 11

• magnitude
• strength
• generality

Question 12

define magnitude

Answer 12

the number of levels of increasing difficulty that i believe i am capable of performing

Question 13

give an example of magnitude

Answer 13

“I am quite confident that I can lift 40kg, somewhat confident that I can lift 50kg, but not very confident that I can lift 60kg”

Question 14

define strength

Answer 14

the FIRMNESS of the convictions that I have to perform a behaviour / obtain an outcome

Question 15

give an example of strength

Answer 15

“I am 100% confident that I can do well in HL10525” vs “I am 50% confident that I can do well in HL10521”

Question 16

define generality

Answer 16

the generalisability of my confidence to do other tasks / behaviours

Question 17

give an example of generality

Answer 17

“I can play tennis well; therefore, I am confident that I can play squash”

Question 18

according to Vancouver and Woodman what can too much confidence lead too ?

Answer 18

• reduced motivation
• reduced work ethic
• unrealistic prediction and expectations
• poorer performance

Question 19

what are the 5 sources of self-efficacy ?

Answer 19

• performance experiences
• vicarious experiences
• imaginal experiences
• verbal persuasion
• physiological & emotional states

Question 20

what are the 3 outcomes of self-efficacy ?

Answer 20

• affective
• behavioural
• cognitive

Question 21

what is the affective outcome of self-efficacy ?

Answer 21

individual’s emotions, feelings, sentiments

Question 22

what is the behavioural outcome of self-efficacy ?

Answer 22

individual’s physical response, observable actions

Question 23

what is the cognitive outcome of self-efficacy ?

Answer 23

individual’s mental processes, thought, intellect

Question 24

what is the performance experiences source of self-efficacy ?

Answer 24

clear success or failure experiences are the most powerful sources of self-efficacy information

Question 25

what is the vicarious experiences source of self-efficacy ?

Answer 25

observation of others, nothing consequences and using this information to make assessments about one’s capabilities

Question 26

what is the imaginal experiences source of self-efficacy ?

Answer 26

visualising yourself performing the behaviour

Question 27

what is the verbal persuasion source of self-efficacy ?

Answer 27

others telling you they are confident in you

Question 28

what is the physiological & emotional states source of self-efficacy ?

Answer 28

how one feels physically and emotionally

Question 29

how do you enhance self-efficacy ?

Answer 29

• establish challenging, realistic goals
• use positive reinforcement
• learn and practice mental skills - especially imagery