Week 7- Sager & Pelvic Binder Flashcards
1
Q
Of the skeleton which do we usually splint?
A
- appendicular skeleton
2
Q
The traction splint shall…
A
- be compatible with spinal bards and cots/ stretchers in the ambulance
- be of a size and shape that can be safely and easily stored in the ambulance
- have a mechanism that allows the paramedic to determine and document exactly how much traction is being applied
- automatically adjust to degree of muscle spasm (counter force) in the leg in response to the traction being applied (dynamic traction)
- Allow for orthopedic and vascular assessment of a patient when applied
- be easily cleaned and disinfected
3
Q
Quantifiable traction
A
- the amount of traction is measurable in lbs/kg
4
Q
Dynamic traction
A
- the spring inside functions to permit the traction to decrease as “spasm” releases secondary to traction being applied & muscle fatigue. Helps to decrease pain and blood loss
5
Q
When can we NOT use the sager traction splint?
A
- Load & go pt’s
- Knee injuries
- Hip dislocation
- Ankle or foot fractures
- Neck of femur fractures
- Pelvic fracture
- Supracondylar fractures of the distal end of the femur
- Tib fib fractures
6
Q
What are pelvic fractures?
A
- Anteroposterior compression or vertical shear injuries are consistently associated with a higher risk of mortality from bleeding
7
Q
What are the 2 types of pelvic fractures?
A
- Stable
- Unstable
8
Q
What is a stable fracture?
A
- Often only 1 break in the pelvic ring broken ends of the bones line up adequately
- Low energy #’s are often stable fractuers
9
Q
What is a unstable fracture?
A
- Usually 2 or more breaks in the pelvic ring and broken bones don’t line up correctly (displacement)
- High energy events cause this
10
Q
What are some causes of pelvic fractures?
A
- MVC
- Major falls
- Minor falls (elderly)
- Athletic activities
11
Q
What are the S/S of pelvic fractures?
A
- Pain in groin/ lower back
- Pain in abdomen
- Intense pain when walking
- Tenderness, brusing, swelling
12
Q
What are some potential abdominal injuries from pelvic fractures?
A
Rupture, perforation, laceration or hemorrhage of organs or vessels in the abdomen, thorax, and spinal cord injuries
13
Q
What do we do if a patient has a potential pelvic fracture?
A
- Try to stabilize pelvis with a sheet wrap or t-pod
- Secure pt to spinal board or scoop
- Then secure and immboilize the pt’s ;eg to prevent additional pelvic injury
14
Q
What are some complication of pelvic injury?
A
- Bleeding out (internally)
- Impaired mobility
- Chronic pain
- Long term complication (arthritis)
- Laceration of bladder
- Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (blood clot forming in the deep vein, usually develops in the lower legs, thigh, pelvis)
- Sexual dysfunction
15
Q
Why do we immboilize the pelvis when fractured?
A
- prevent further dislocation of fractured bone fragment, thus reducing risk of further soft tissue trauma
- facilitate clot formation
- allow for safe extrication and transport of pt
- Prevent massive internal hemorrhage
- Reduce risk of death (blood loss 1-1.5L)
- SMR to protect further damage to spinal cord
