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Emrg 1242 > Week 4- Patient Assessment > Flashcards

Week 4- Patient Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What are vital signs?

A

Vital signs are measurements of the body’s most basic functions

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2
Q

What vital signs do we check?

A
  • HR
  • RR
  • BP
  • GCS
  • Pupils
  • Skin
  • Temp
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3
Q

What is heart rate?

A

Heart rate is a measurement of how many times your heart beats in one minute

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4
Q

How do we report a HR?

A
  • Is it regular or irregular, weak or full
  • Ex. HR 60bpm reg and full
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5
Q

How do we report RR?

A
  • When reporting RR you also want to include rhythm and quality
  • Ex. 12 bpm reg and full or shallow and ineffective
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6
Q

What is blood pressure?

A
  • Blood pressure is the amount of force your blood uses to get through arteries.
  • When your heart pumps, it uses force to push oxygen-rich blood out to your arteries.
  • They bring it to your body’s cells and tissues
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7
Q

Systolic BP

A

The 1st number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats

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8
Q

Diastolic BP

A

The 2nd number, measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats

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9
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale

A
  • GCS is reported as a number
  • Add the score from each column to obtain a GCS
  • Max score is 15
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10
Q

Eye opening response

A
  1. spontaneously
  2. to speech
  3. to pain
  4. no response
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11
Q

Verbal Response

A
  1. oriented to time, person, place
  2. Confused
  3. Inappropriate words
  4. Incomprehensible sounds
  5. No response
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12
Q

Motor Response

A
  1. Obeys command
  2. Moves to localized pain
  3. Flex to withdraw from pain
  4. Abnormal flexion
  5. Abnormal extension
  6. No response
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13
Q

Following which c/c, do we focus on a pupil assessment?

A
  • Face/ head trauma pt’s
  • Stroke pt’s
  • Headaches
  • VSA pt’s
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14
Q

How do we report a pupil assessment?

A
  • 1-6mm
  • Ex. 2mm equal & reactive
  • PEARL
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15
Q

When doing a skin assessment, what 3 observations are required?

A
  • Color: pink, pale, cyanotic
  • Condition: dry, clammy, diaphoretic
  • Temp: warm or cold
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16
Q

Temperature

A
  • On the ambulance we have tympanic thermometers
  • make sure to use a probe cover
  • point the probe toward the nose to follow the ear canal
17
Q

What are the ranges of HR vital signs for adults?

A
  • Normal: 60-100 bpm
  • Bradycardia: lower than 60 bpm
  • Tachycardia: higher than 100 bpm
18
Q

What are the ranges of RR vital signs for adults?

A
  • Normal: 12-28 bpm
  • Tachypnea: more than 28 bpm
  • Hypoventilation: less than 12 bpm
19
Q

What are the ranges of normal BP for adults?

A
  • Normotension: 100
  • Hypotension: less than 90
  • Hypertension: more than 130
20
Q

What is normal body temp?

A
  • 36.1-37.2
  • Ferbile is > 38
21
Q

Scene Size Up

A
  • EMCA- do this as you approach the call, before you make pt. contact
22
Q

Initial Assessment

A
  • general impression: does the pt look sick?
  • Age, gender, position, acuity
  • C-spine (must be ruled out everytime)
23
Q

Primary Survey

A
  • AVPU
  • An alert person is aware of: Person, Place, Time
  • ABC’s
    Make L&G decision- now start a trauma or medical assessment
24
Q

What is difference of a medical assessment?

A
  • requires a lot of questioning
  • start with obtaining C/C- what is pt complaining of?
25
Q

Focused Exam

A
  • Focus exam is based on C/C
  • You only examine areas that are pertinent to the C/C
  • Visualize DCAP-BLS
  • Palpate TIC
  • Obtain vital signs- delegate
  • OPQRST
26
Q

What should you be developing during the primary?

A
  • Develop a working assessment: this will guide your treatment plan, using the BLS & ALS Pt care standards
  • Develop an Exit Strategy: pick the conveyance equipment you’ll use to help get the patient to the stretcher
  • Decide on an acuity level
    1. how acute was your pt when you first met them?
    2. how acute is the pt when you go mobile?
    3. how bad is the pt upon arrival to the hospital?
27
Q

What should you obtain before leaving the scene?

A
  • get pt’s info
  • health card
  • Meds list or actual bottle of meds
  • Family contact- phone #’s
  • If transporting a child bring parent/ gurdian

Emrg 1242 (10 decks)

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