Week 7 - PTSD Flashcards
list 6 different types of Posttraumatic responses
- existential impact (profound emptiness)
- depression
- complicated or traumatic grief
- anxiety
- stress disorders
- dissassociation
whilst the key principles for working with people who have experienced trauma
- Safe and supportive environment protecting against physical harm and re-traumatisation
- understanding of clients and their symptoms in relation to overall life background, experience, and culture
- continued collaboration between service and client throughout all stages of treatment delivery
- understanding of the symptoms and survival responses
- view of trauma as a fundamental experience that influences identity
role of OT in immediate days/weeks post crisis
- basic practical weeks e.g. familiar routines
- occupational balance
- counselling, listening
- meet them in their environment
- assess any risk of mental illness
role of OT after immediate
- critical incident stress debriefing
- critical incident stress management
A catastrophic Event: A working Model principles of evaluating individuals who have experienced trauma (4 things)
model to plan assessment and intervention
- nature of the experience
- individual characteristics
- recovery environment
- Posttraumatic processing
List the 7 principles of Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
- Assess impact of critical incident on support personnel and survivors
- identify immediate issues surrounding problems, safety, security
- use defusing to allow for ventilation of thoughts and emotions, provide validation
- predict events and reactions to come in aftermath
- conduct systematic review of critical incident and impact on: emotional, cognition and physically
- bring closure to incident
- debriefing assists in re-entry process back to community or workplace
Critical Incident Stress Management (7 principles)
- pre crisis preparation
- disaster or large scale incidence
- defusing (structure small group provided hours after crisis for assessment, triaging and acute symptom mitigation)
- critical incident stress debriefing
- one on one intervention
- family crisis intervention and organisational consultation
- follow up and referral mechanisms
likely occupational issues experienced by survivors
- lack of routine
- role loss
- loss of environment
- avoid engaging in community activities
DSM criteria for PTSD
a. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence
b. Presence of 1 or more intrusive symptoms associated with the traumatic event beginning after the event
c. Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event, beginning after
d. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event
e. Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event beginning or worsening after the vent
f. Duration of the disturbance more than one month
g. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social occupational or other important areas of functioning
h. The disturbance is not attributable to physiological effects of substance or other medical conditions
primary trauma
direct experience
secondary trauma
witnessing trauma involving others
tertiary trauma
learning about traumatic event occurring to close family or friend
how does PTSD impact sleep
- flashbacks and nightmares based on trauma from hyperarousal
- REM arousal
list 3 biological changes associated with PSTD
- increased circulating levels of noradrenaline
- increased reactivity of adrenergic receptors
- increased thyroid hormone levels
list the 5 empirically supported post disaster early intervention principles
- promote sense of safety
- promote calm
- promote social connections
- promote self efficacy
- promote hope
