Week 7 - Part 2 (PC infections - UTIs and STIs) Flashcards
What are Sx of UTIs?
pain or burning when urinating, pain in abdomen, urgency, foul smell
UTIs
- Dx
- Tx
Dx - urine sample
Tx - Abx and pain meds
What are the nursing considerations for UTIs based on age?
o Child – SDH, teaching about bathroom hygiene
o Adult – chronic UTIs, SDH, fluid intake, sex
o Elderly – SDH, fluid intake, continence, sex
What is an important sign to keep in mind for UTIs?
Foul smell - may indicate that it is progressing to sepsis
When would we give Abx immediately for UTIs?
if nitrites and leukocytes are found in the urine
STIs
When should patients get tested for STIs?
Do patients know if they have an STI?
When should nurses be talking to patients about STI protection?
What would nursing interventions or prevention strategies for STIs look like?
Regularly and with new partners
Not always
adolescence
condoms, teaching, birth control, abstinence
Gonorrhea:
- transmission
- symptoms
- Dx
- Tx
Transmission - oral, anal, vaginal sex or mother to newborn
Sx - 2-7 days after infection
- male - burning/painful urination, slight penile discharge, sore throat
- female - painful urination, vaginal discharge/bleeding, abdo pain, pain with sex
(many are Sx free)
Dx - urine sample + cervical swab for females
Tx - Abx
If gonorrhea is left untraeted, what might occur?
Sterility or PID
Syphilis
- transmission
- Dx
- Tx
Transmission - vaginal, oral or anal sex or touching an infectious chancre
Dx - examination and swab of chancre or blood test if secondary or beyond
Tx - Abx
Name the stage based on the symptoms for syphilis.
A - painless chancre around genital area or mouth or anus (Appearing 2-4 weeks after contact)
B - can lay dormant for years yet still burrows and multiplies in the circulatory system, eventually progresses to ulcers on skin or other organs, but damage can continue as attacks nervous system – can be fatal
C - weeks to months later, skin rash develops with painless red bumps, painful joints, sore throat, headache, and fever (flu-like symptoms)
A - primary
B - tertiary
C - secondary
HPV:
- transmission
- symptoms
- Dx
- Tx
Transmission - anal, oral, vaginal sex or other forms of contact (infected towels/clothing)
Sx - painless itchy bumps + pain/bleeding if near urethra
Dx - clinical inspection and cervical swab
Tx - freeze with liquid nitrogen or topical treamtents
- Gardasil prior to infection else no cure
Type 1 vs. type 2 Herpes simplex
Type 1 - oral
Type 2 - genital
Herpes simplex
- transmission (1 vs. 2)
- symptoms
- Dx
transmission
1 - touching, kissing, contact with active sores/blisters
2 - vaginal, anal, oral sex even with no blisters
Sx - painful red bumps turn into pustules that burst shedding virus - first cycle is the worst; will reoccur with stress
Dx - clinical inspection or swab of sore
Which STI can still be transmitted when wearing a condom?
Herpes
HIV/AIDS
- transmission
- symptoms
- Dx
- Tx
Transmission - contaminated body fluid exposure (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk)
Sx
- HIV: asymptomatic or flu-like Sx
- AIDS - fever, weight loss, fatigue, diarrhea, susceptible to other infections
Dx - blood test
Tx - antiretrovirals - no cure
