Week 7 - Juries

Question 1

Jury roll

Answer 1

A list of eligible jurors in a jurisdiction

Question 2

“Veto” jurors without disclosing a reason

Answer 2

Peremptory challenges

Question 3

Challenge for cause

Answer 3

Can get rid of jurors based on relevant facts ie: bias prejudice

Question 4

3 factors of jury bias

Answer 4

1. Eyewitness testimony - persuasive to jurors
2. “Common sense” simply does not exist, only what people believe is true
3. Influenced by characteristics ie: hair, race, gender etc

Question 5

____________ is that your behaviour can change so you don’t offend anyone else instead of changing society

Answer 5

Rehabilitation

Question 6

_____________ the idea that fear of punishment will stop potential offenders from committing crimes

Answer 6

Deterrence

Question 7

General deterrence

Answer 7

Punishment of people in a public view - changing collective behaviour

Question 8

Incapacitation

Answer 8

The idea that society would be best served by locking up threatening and antisocial offenders and forgetting about them

Question 9

_________ ___________ is private punishment focus on the individual and trying to change individual behaviours

Answer 9

Specific deterrence

Question 10

Selective incapacitation

Answer 10

Targets high risk recidivists(re-convicted criminal)

Question 11

Three issues with long sentences

Answer 11

1. Unnecessary for likely non-recidivists
2. Being in prisión may create habitual criminality
3. Inappropriate if offence posted is insignificant harm to the community

Question 12

___________ _________ are prepared by probation officers for judges to help determine sentence (determines weather accused should be discharged)

Answer 12

Presentence reports

Question 13

The idea that someone’s got to pay

Answer 13

Retribution

Question 14

Explain judicial discretion

Answer 14

Canadian criminal justice association (CCJA) recommend that sentences are based on individual contextual factors relating to each offence

Question 15

________ is a type of sentence that allows the convicted offender to serve two or more sentences simultaneously

Answer 15

Concurrent

Question 16

Suspended sentences

Answer 16

Conviction is entered but the judge suspends the passing of a sentence for a fixed time, with or without a probation order

Question 17

A convicted offender serves two or more sentences one after the other

Answer 17

Consecutive sentence

Question 18

Name the 6 aggravating circumstances

Answer 18

1. Offender was in trust/ authority over victim
2. Offender has premeditation
3. Force or weapon was used
4. Victim experienced injury
5. Valuable stolen property
6. Vulnerable, disabled or aged person

Question 19

What is a mitigating factor?

Answer 19

Factors that may give offenders a more lenient sentence

Ie: accused was acting in self defence

Question 20

A type of report but a tool we should strive for. It’s is used for everyone that commits a crime so the judge can look at all the factors why person committed a crime

Answer 20

Gladue factor

Question 21

Who resulted in a serious or guidelines for judges when considering suitable dispositions for indigenous offenders

Answer 21

R.V Gladue

Question 22

An approach to crime that puts the emphasis on the wrong done to people and communities

Answer 22

Restorative justice

Question 23

List the stakeholders of restorative justice

Answer 23

1- Hold offenders accountable
2- support victims in healing
3- support the safe reintegration of offenders in the community

Question 24

When and where did the first drug court open?

Answer 24

First DRC opened in Toronto in 1998

Question 25

Began in 1990 and addresses the fact unique dynamics in family violence such as reluctant witnesses

Answer 25

Domestic violence courts

Question 26

Prison sentences served at designated times, usually weekends with offender residing in the community and only applies to people serving under 90 days

Answer 26

Intermittent sentences

Question 27

Sentences meant to directly repair damage of an offender brought upon an individual or community

Answer 27

Community service

Question 28

What is the max fine or a summary conviction??

Answer 28

$5000

Question 29

Victim surcharge

Answer 29

Goes to support crime victims in that area

Question 30

___________ ____________ is a fine that goes directly to the victim of the crime at hand to compensate losses

Answer 30

Restitution order

Question 31

Alternative measures

Answer 31

Called diversion to cast a wider criminal justice net, by offering more possibilities for supervision

Question 32

Stigmatizes and excludes individuals which creates a “cast of outcasts” Ie: talking about people being arrested in the news

Answer 32

Distinctive shaming

Question 33

Where and when did shaming ceremonies prove to work for offenders to the pain they have brought to victim community and society.

Answer 33

Japan 1993

Question 34

Reintegrative shaming

Answer 34

Done through formal forgiveness or decertification ceremonies