Week 10 - Youth Corrections Flashcards
Bill C-7 (2001) youth criminal justice act
Goal was to “address developmental challenges and the needs of young persons”
Five criminal code offences that were 40% of the youth cases from 2014-15
- Theft
- Assault
- Break and enter
- Failure to comply
- Criminal mischief
5 FACTORS to youth sentencing
- Participating in the act
- Harm done in the act
- Reparations to victim
- Time spent in custody
- Previous findings of guilt
5 PRINCIPLES to youth sentencing
- No harsher than an adult
- Regional consistency
- Proportionate
- Priority is non custodial
- Rehabilitative & integrative
Conditional release
Lawful release of an inmate from prison before expiry of the sentence
Three types of conditional release
- Temporary release
- Escorted temporary absence
- Unescorted temporary absence
Statutory release
Mandatory release for federal offender - given after 2/3 of their sentence if they have not gotten parole
Day parole
Conditional release that allows and offender to be out of prison during the day and requires them to be back at night
Full parole
Conditional release allows offender to reside in the community for the remainder of their sentence
Eligible after 1/3 if sentence or 7 years whichever is shorter
The four steps in parole
- Parolee identifies a sponsor
- Pre parole investigation into living conditions, victim needs etc
- Actuarial risk assessment
- Parole hearing, intensive interview if granting release
What two provinces have their own parole board?
Ontario and Quebec
PBC and what it does
Parole board of Canada
Oversees the rest of the paroles (except for Ontario and Quebec) and sentences under 2 years
Criminal history
Level of remorse
Progress in treatment programs
Release plan
Behaviour within correctional institutions
Community support
These are all….
Things the parole board considers of offender before granting parole
Actuarial assessment
Statistical evaluation of offender risk
What is PCLR and what does it do
Psychopathy checklist revised - used as a scale to assess the core elements of psych character
A residential setting within the community that is staffed by professional care workers who support offenders
Halfway house
What did Wakefield and Uggen claim
Prison leads to deterioration of “human capital”
What did Rodriguez and Emsellem claim
Interaction with the criminal system leads to a lifetime of social and economic disadvantage. Reducing chances of employment by 50%
