Week 7: Film Editing II

Question 1

What is continuity editing

Answer 1

The aim is to appear seamless (invisible editing)
- unobtrusive graphic relations (avoids smash cuts)
- rhythmic relations appropriate to subject
- clear temporal and spatial relations

Question 2

What is a direction match

Answer 2

A consistent direction of movement is maintained throughout the sequence

Question 3

What is a direction match

Answer 3

A consistent direction of movement is maintained throughout the sequence.

Question 4

What is a graphic match?

Answer 4

Linking of shots by close graphic similarities.

Question 5

What are flash-frames?

Answer 5

Quick frame used to stress a single moment. May also mark transitions between segments or signal flashbacks or subjective sequences.

Question 6

What is the Kuleshov effect?

Answer 6

Cutting together portions of a space in a way that prompts the spectator to assume a spatial whole that isn’t shown onscreen.

Question 7

What is a flashback?

Answer 7

a manipulation in editing, presenting one or more shots out of presumed story order

Question 8

What is elliptical editing?

Answer 8

Presents an action in such a way that it consumes less time on the screen than it does in the story.

Question 9

What is overlapping editing?

Answer 9

When the action from one shot is repeated at the beginning of the next

Question 10

What is the axis of action?

Answer 10

Any action-a person walking, two people conversing, a car racing along a roaf-can be thought of as occuring along a line. This axis of action determines a half-circle, or 180° area, where the camera can be placed to present the action. The filmmaker will plan, stage, shoot, and edit the shots so as to maintain the axis of action from shot to shot.

Question 11

What does the 180º system ensure?

Answer 11

That relative positions in the frame remain consistent, consistent eyelines, and consistent screen direction.

Question 12

What is a shot/reverse-shot pattern?

Answer 12

Showing first one end of the line, then the other, once the 180º line has been established. A reverse shot isn’t a reverse shot, just shows the opposite end of the line

Question 13

What is an eyeline match?

Answer 13

Occurs when a shot (A) presents someone looking at something offscreen, and another shot (B) shows us what is being looked at. In neither shot are both looker and object present. Helps create a strong spatial continuity.

Question 14

What is a reestablishing shot?

Answer 14

A shot that reestablishes the overall space that was analyzed in previous shots.

Question 15

what is one of the most common spatial editing patterns

Answer 15

establishment/breakdown/reestablishment

Question 16

analytical editing vs constructive editing

Answer 16

analytical editing is cutting that analyzes the space. constructive editing builds up our sense of the space without an establishing shot

Question 17

Match on action

Answer 17

movement that start at the end of one shot and continue into the beginning of the next shot

Question 18

what is a cheat cut

Answer 18

slightly mismatching the positions of characters or objects

Question 19

Crosscutting

Answer 19

alternating shots of story events in one place with shots of another event elsewhere. Can involve multiple storylines in the past and present.

Question 20

Difference between continuous and elided (ellipsis) editing

Answer 20

continuous is when plot time and screen time equal storytime. Elided is when storytime is greater than plot time and screen time.

Question 21

What are indicators that it is continuous editing?

Answer 21

Continuous story action, diegetic sound overlapping the cuts, and matching on action.

Question 22

What is temporal ellipses

Answer 22

Something that has been omitted to keep the story line progressing.

Question 23

What is a montage sequence?

Answer 23

Brief portions of a process, informative titles (for example, “1865” or “San Francisco”), stereotyped images (such as the Eiffel Tower), newsreel footage, news- paper headlines, and the like can be joined by dissolves and music to create a quick, regular rhythm and to compress a lengthy series of actions into a few moments.