Week 7: Case Control Study & One Sample t-test

Question 1

What are the two ways of making statistical inference?

Answer 1

1. Hypothesis testing
2. Parameter estimation: point estimate and interval estimate with 95% confidence interval

Question 2

What does the one sample t-test do?

Answer 2

Compares the sample mean with the predetermined value (test value) to compare the results to the null hypothesis.

Question 3

What is a test value in the one sample t-test?

Answer 3

A test value is often a population mean derived from prior research / any value the sample mean is compared to.

Question 4

What are the two assumptions of the one sample t-test?

Answer 4

1. Data must be interval or ratio (continuous)
2. Data must have roughly normal distribution

Question 5

Describe a case control study.

Answer 5

Begins with two groups; one with disease of interest (cases) and the other group without the disease (controls). The two groups are then compared to see if their previous exposures are different.

Question 6

What study design is the opposite of the case control design?

Answer 6

Cohort study design

Question 7

In the context of the case control study design, what is matching?

Answer 7

The comparison between cases and controls on factors such as age, sex, lifestyle etc.

Question 8

What are two ways data is collected for case control study designs?

Answer 8

1. Structured interviews of cases and controls
2. Friends and family if cases die