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ICM Exam 1 > Week 7 - Abdomen Exam > Flashcards

Week 7 - Abdomen Exam Flashcards

1
Q

How do we prep for exams?

A
  1. Nails are clean and trimmed
  2. Wash your hands
  3. Empty bladder
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2
Q

What do we inspect for on the surface?

A
  1. Skin lesions
  2. Rashes
  3. Dilated veins
  4. Symmetry of bony landmarks
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3
Q

What is Cullen’s Sign?

A

Black marks over the belly button

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4
Q

What is Grey-Turner’s Sign? Associated with?

A

Blood on lower lateral abdomen; acute pancreatitis; blood from any source!

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5
Q

What is Cullen’s classicaly associated wiht?

A

Ruptured ectopic pregnancy

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6
Q

What could stretch marks (stria) indicate?

A

Cushing’s syndrome

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7
Q

Type of Abdomen Contours

A
  1. Flat (athletic)
  2. Rounded (young children or fat in adult)
  3. Scaphoid (thin adults
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8
Q

Could you see peristalsis in thin indiviudals?

A

Possibly

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9
Q

Do we auscultate before palpation and percussion?

A

YES!!!!!!!! Could move things upon the other two

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10
Q

How are bowel sounds heard?

A

Clicks and gurgles that occur irregulary and range form 5-35 per minute

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11
Q

Do we auscultate in all 4 quadrants? How do we listen?

A

Yes; light pressure with draphragm

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12
Q

Where do we listen for bruits?

A
  1. Aorta
  2. Renal arteries
  3. Femoral arteries
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13
Q

How do we listen to vascular things?

A

Diaphragm with heavy pressure

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14
Q

“Tinkling sounds with rushing”

A

Small bowel obstruction

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15
Q

Bruits

A

Renal stenosis, aortic aneurysm

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16
Q

Why do we percuss?

A

To get a sense of overall tympany and dullness

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17
Q

What sound is predominnat in abdomen?

A

Typmany because air is present in stomach and intesines

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18
Q

Where do we hear dullnes?

A

Over organs, solid masses, or distended bladder

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19
Q

Classify Liver Enlargement

A

Liver border more than 2-3cm (1in) below costal margin

20
Q

Normal vertical span of liver?

A

6-12cm

21
Q

How do we check liver tenderness when liver is not palpable?

A

Indirect fist percussion

22
Q

Is the healthy liver tender?

A

No

23
Q

Where do we percuss the spleen?

A

Just posterior to midaxilalry line

24
Q

Where could we hear spleen?

A

6-9th rib

25
Q

Define Traube’s Space

A

Semilunar region.

  1. 6th rib
  2. Midaxillary line laterally
  3. L costal margin inferiorly
26
Q

Is Traube’s space typical tympanitic?

A

Yes; overlies fundus of stomach

27
Q

How are pateints for assessing kidneys?

A

Sitting

28
Q

When is a good time to check Chapman’s?

A

When percussing the kindey’s

29
Q

SHould you depress the abdomen more than 1 cm? What kind of motion?

A

No; circular mottions

30
Q

What should you determine about resistnace?

A

Voluntary or involuntary

31
Q

How do we make abdomen softer?

A

Lift their knees, pillow under knees

32
Q

Often you are able to feel what borders?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. Aorta
  3. Portions of colon
33
Q

How can you help liver palpation?

A

Have the pt breath in and push diaphrgm down; ordinarily it is not palpable

34
Q

Is a healtyh gallbladder palpable or painful?

A

No

35
Q

Is spleen usually palpable?

A

No

36
Q

Is either kidney palpable? Which is more common to feel?

A

No; R kidney

37
Q

What should we determine when palpating aorta?

A

Direction of pulsation

38
Q

What does a prominent laterl pulsation suggest?

A

Aortic aneurysm

39
Q

Normal width of aorta?

A

2 1/2 cm

40
Q

What is ascites?

A

Advanced skill testing for fluid wave

41
Q

What is Murphy’s Sign? When is it positive?

A

Gallbladder palpation; when inspiration is halted secondary to pain

42
Q

What is Boas Sign? Level?

A

Area of hyperesthesia we would expect with acute inflammation of gallbladder; T6-T9

43
Q

Boas is same phenomenon as what?

A

Viscerosomatic reflex

44
Q

What do we assess when looking for appendicitis?

A

Rebound tenderness or if pain is happening on opposite sinde

45
Q

How do we distinguish between appendix or obtuartor?

A

Lift up knee and rotate

46
Q

What is Robing’s Sign?

A

Where if you palpate opposite side of stomach as gallbladder, gallbladder side hurts

ICM Exam 1 (7 decks)

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