Week 7 Flashcards
What factors make qualitative research challenging and need consideration when undertaking it?
- can be time consuming
- large volumes of unorganised data
- no structured analytical process
- amount of data and how they are stored and managed
What is variance and what is it used for?
Measures the variability that includes every score in the distribution rather than only 2 scores
-takes into account every individual score
What is range?
- The difference between the highest and lowest scores.
- simplest and most unstable measure of variability
What is the average of scores called?
Mean
What is the middle score called?
Median
What is the most common score called?
Mode
The distance between lowest and highest scores is called the?
Range
A flat topped or flattened out curve is called?
Kurtosis
Mean,median and mode are examples of a?
Statistic
A Likert scale is an example of an?
Ordinal measure
More than one method of data collection in qualitative research is called?
Triangulation
What represents the percentage of cases a given score exceeds?
Percentile
In qualitative research, trustworthiness of data collected can be ensured by?
Member checking
In qualitative research, data collected is often broken down into?
Codes and themes.
One role of descriptive statistics is to?
Summarise the data.
Results section of research papers, summarise findings with 2 major goals. These are?
- to describe/explain phenomenon of interest
- to predict aspects related to that phenomenon
Describe how qualitative research findings are analysed.
- it looks for commonalities.
- researchers look for themes, patterns and meaning
What is inductive process?
a logical process of reasoning.
- used to develop more general rules from specific observations
- moves from the specific to the more generalised
- more often used in qualitative
What is deductive process?
logical process of developing specific predictions (hypotheses) from general principles.
- moves from the general to the particular
- more often used for quantitative research
what is ethnography?
aims to examine conceptual and structural patterns in an identified culture
How can we prove the trustworthiness of the research?
- credibility or rigor
- confirmability
- audit trails
- member checks
- triangulation
What do descriptive statistics allow the researcher to do?
allows the researcher to describe, organise and summarise raw data
What does Inferential statistics allow the researcher to do?
allows the researcher to estimate how reliably they can make predictions and generalise their findings based on the data.
What are the 2 important functions of descriptive data?
- organisation of data into figures eg - piecharts, histograms, scatter plots
- to enable trends and differences to be noted and calculation of simple statistics.
list the 4 levels of measurement
- nominal
- ordinal
- interval
- ratio
what is nominal measurement used for?
it is used to classify objects/events into discrete categories
What is frequency distribution?
- the most basic way of organising data
- looks at the number of times each event occurs
- is often presented as a percentage
what does ordinal measurement used for?
- used to show relative ranking of events/objects
- conveys more information than nominal data.
what is symmetry?
2 halves of a distribution are mirror images of each other
what is skewness?
measure of the asymmetry of the distribution of score
what is kurtosis?
this is related to the ‘peakness’ or flatness of a distribution
