WEEK 7

Question 1

nouns (N)

Answer 1

suffixation:
- inflection: nouns take -s (plural) and -‘s (possessive)

• derivation: nouns take agentive -er/-or and many others.

distribution:
- nouns can be preceded by a, an, the

Question 2

adjectives (ADJ)

Answer 2

suffixation:
- inflection: gradable adjectives take -er (comparative) and -est (superlative)

• derivation: adjectives can be derived from nouns using a range of derivational morphemes.

distribution:
- adjectives can precede nouns
- adjectives can follow copular verbs (the pie was cold).

Question 3

Verbs (V)

Answer 3

suffixation:
- inflection: verbs inflect for person and tense using -s, -ed,-ing and -en.

• derivation: verbs can be derived using a range of derivational morphemes such as -ize/-ise and -ify.

distribution:
- verbs are the only obligatory element in a clause.
- verbs can directly follow personal pronouns.
auxiliary verbs precede full lexical verbs.

Question 4

Determiners (DET)

Answer 4

suffixation:
- determiners do not inflect (no suffixation)

distribution:
- Determiners precede nouns (or adjectives or adverbs modifying nouns).

Question 5

Adverb (ADV)

Answer 5

Suffixation:
Inflection: Some adverbs can inflect for grade using -er and -est (in the same way that some adjectives inflect for grade)
Derivation: Adverbs can be derived from adjectives using -ly
Distribution:
- When modifying verbs, adverbs tend to directly follow the verb
- When modifying adjectives, adverbs directly precede the adjective
that they are modifying.

Question 6

Pronoun (PRO)

Answer 6

Distribution:
- Pronouns are proforms; they replace nouns or noun phrases that they refer back to anaphorically
- Subjective pronouns typically precede the verb; Objective pronouns do not

Question 7

Preposition (PREP)

Answer 7

Distribution:
- Prepositions precede nouns and noun phrases

Question 8

attributive

Answer 8

before the noun

Question 9

predicative

Answer 9

after the noun