week 7

Question 1

what are dementia villages?

Answer 1

specialized model of care

for those with sever/advanced dementia

for those used to living in a city environment

no big anonymous buildings - but manageable and pleasant residential areas. comfortable for everyone to live. residents feel safe at home

they enjoy living out their final days, connected with family, caregivers, healthcare- and service providers. can enjoy the precious life they were used to and still want to lead.

Question 2

describe the dutch model example of dementia villages?

Answer 2

the Hogeweyk

opened in 2008. renovated and updated in 2018

publicly funded

Question 3

describe village Langley

Answer 3

located in Canada

opened in 2019

privately funded

operated by verve

costs approximately 8.5k /month

Question 4

what is the first publicly funded dementia village in canada? how is the LTC cost determined for residents?

Answer 4

Together by the Sea (Comox, BC)

set to open 2024

monthly costs based on 80% of a person’s after tax income

Question 5

what are the pros to dementia villages?

Answer 5

individualized care

more home like environment compared to the hospital/medical setting

sense of familiarity

family and friendships

Question 6

what are the cons to dementia villages?

Answer 6

costs

camera

privacy

co-morbidities

Question 7

what is the butterfly model of care?

Answer 7

focuses on delivering emotion-focused care that connects with people in a dignified, human way

addresses the holistic needs of the individuals and supports quality of life for each person living with a dementia across the whole of their lived experience

Question 8

who developed the butterfly model? describe the adoption of the butterfly model?

Answer 8

butterfly model developed by David Sheard

has been adopted by more than 30 care homes world-wide, most of which are located in England

there’s a specialized unit aims to curb aggression in dementia patients.

Question 9

describe the appearance of communities using the butterfly model of care

Answer 9

homes are best known for their aesthetic appeal are painted inside with bright, colourful murals

Question 10

describe the dementia friendly project in canada

Answer 10

the Dementia-Friendly Canada™ project is a partnership between Alzheimer Societies across the country. One of the project goals is to train Canada’s workforce to be dementia-friendly.

a Dementia Friendly Community is a place where people living with dementia are understood, respected, and supported (ASO).

Question 11

the building dementia friendly communities e-learning course is designed for professionals working in which 3 areas?

Answer 11

recreation and library

restaurant and retail (customer services and general public)

public transportation sectors

Question 12

what are the 4 modules that make up the dementia friendly course?

Answer 12

What is a dementia-friendly community?: An introduction to the concept and dementia-friendly efforts at the community level.

Dementia-friendly interactions: Social environment considerations, such as ways you can communicate effectively with someone living with dementia.

Dementia-friendly spaces: Physical environment considerations, such as ways you can optimize your space to be dementia-friendly.

Dementia-friendly policies, practices and services for organizations: Provides specific scenarios and recommendations.

Question 13

how serious is dementia? how many new cases per year? dementia is the #___ leading cause of death?

Answer 13

7th leading cause of death

10 million new cases per year

Question 14

in 2019, how many people were living with dementia, globally? out of which, how many are from in europe? sweden?

describe these numbers in the future, around 2050?

Answer 14

55.2 million

14.1 million from europe

150k from swedan

expected to almost double by 2050

Question 15

what are the symptoms of dementia?

Answer 15

the most common symptom is the inability to remember new information which occurs gradually

changes in behaviours and mood including aggression, agitation, apathy, sleep disturbances, wandering, depression, social isolation, inappropriate behaviours, feeling sad and anxious, and showing less interest in the emotions of other people

Question 16

describe the aging at home policy?

Answer 16

a fundamental principle in Sweden’s eldercare

promotes the individual’s right to remain in their homes as long as possible at their capacity and own will

reduced the number of people 65+ that live in institutions from 5.3 % in 2010 to 4 % in 2019

58% of people with dementia live at home

led to a rise in family caregivers (FCs) who play a significant role

Question 17

what are family caregivers (FC)?

Answer 17

those who provide unpaid informal care

most informal care in Sweden is provided by older spouses and women (spouses and adult daughters)

in 2018 there were 110 000 FCs to PWD in Sweden

Question 18

what are the consequences of family caregiving?

Answer 18

high caregiver stress is seen among family caregivers of people with dementia

caused by:
- constant need for vigilance
- personality/behaviour changes in the person with dementia

could result in depressive symptoms, insomnia, emotional stress

Question 19

what are some examples of support for family givers of people with dementia?

Answer 19

in Sweden, the municipalities, 290 altogether, are legally required to meet the needs of older people regarding home health care, social service, and institutional care

July 1st 2009 - The National Board and Welfare, the Social Act requires municipalities to provide support to FCs of persons with chronic illness, older persons, and persons with functional variation

Question 20

what are the types of supports for family caregivers of people with dementia? describe them

Answer 20

indirect support (most common)
- support aimed towards the person with dementia (i.e., home care, rehabilitation, and senior daycare)
- aimed to relieve the FC in their caregiving role

direct support
- support aimed towards the FC through community-based social care professionals.
- social care professionals (e.g., social workers, nurses, Silvia nurses and healthcare assistants)
— often work part-time, combining their work with other responsibilities (i.e., clinical work)
— commonly lack a job description, often left to self-organize their work

the support provided varies across Sweden

Question 21

what is mHealth?

Answer 21

mHealth as medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices, such as mobile phones, patient monitoring devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and other wireless devices

Question 22

what are the benefits of mHealth for family caregivers of people with dementia?

Answer 22

Cost- and time-effective tool

Bridge geographical gap

Individualised, demand-driven, real-time, and time-effective communication, information and
support

Question 23

what is STAV?

Answer 23

a tailor-made and interactive mHealth application to alleviate stress and improve quality of life. a support for family caregivers

interact with health care professionals, peer support, diary, well being exercises, and relevant services

aims to involve the increasingly digitally literate FCs and provide community-based social care professionals with an innovative digital tool to provide support.

Question 24

what are the expected health related outcomes of STAV?

Answer 24

primary outcome
- reduction of caregiver stress amongst FCs to PWD

secondary outcomes
- reduction of depressive symptoms amongst FCs to PWD
- reduction of loneliness amongst FCs to PWD
- improved quality of life of FCs to PWD

Question 25

what is value co-creation?

Answer 25

Value in healthcare is multidimensional, subjective, and contextual
- “Value is always uniquely and phenomenologically determined by the beneficiary”
- Experiential value

Value co-creation is defined as: ‘‘benefit realized from integration of resources through activities and interactions with collaborators in the customer’s service network”

Question 26

describe the theme of cooperating

Answer 26

cooperating is regarded as a low-level activity, that can include complying with the basics (e.g., treatment, requirements) or accepting the information provided by the service provider

experiential value: increased access to information and healthcare services, comfort and support

Question 27

describe the theme of co-learning

Answer 27

co-learning is regarded as a high-level activity that includes activities such as actively seeking knowledge outside of the focal firm (the service/healthcare provider) and sharing the acquired information with the focal firm.

experiential value: customised knowledge

Question 28

what are the facilitators of value co-creation and digitalization implementation? the outcome?

Answer 28

Perceived usefulness of the mHealth application
- stages in dementia
- caregiver stress

FCs’ personal characteristics
- digital literacy
- motivation
- attitudes toward technology

outcome: real-time, demand-driven, customized support