Week 6: The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from 1950s to 1970s

Question 1

Which two leaders were involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion?

Answer 1

Kennedy and Khrushchev.

Question 2

Why was US concerned about Cuba’s relationship with USSR?

Answer 2

Because Cuba’s leader, Fidel Castro, was communist. US was scared that Cuba would side with USSR and give them a base to launch their weapons at the state

Question 3

During the Cuban Missile Crises, which superpower was behind in the nuclear arms race?

Answer 3

Soviets. Their missiles could not reach the USA. If they were able to place missiles in Cuba, it could make of for the distance.

Question 4

What were the Soviet’s goals in placing missiles in Cuba/

Answer 4

1) enhances Soviet Military
2) Deterrent to potential US attacks
3) Protects cuba from US

Question 5

What was US’s response when Kennedy realizes that soviet bases are being built in cuba?

Answer 5

he called for a quarantine and blocked cuba. Kennedy warned USSR via telecision.

Question 6

On october 26, 1962, what solution did the soviets and US come to?

Answer 6

Soviet missiles will be removed in Cuba if US does not invade Cuba.

Question 7

What treaty was imposed in 1963 after Cuban Missile Crises? Pros and Cons of this treaty? Did this stop the cold war?

Answer 7

Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Pros: banned nuclear testing EXCEPT for underground. Cons: did nothing to curb stockpiles or stop the production of nuclear weapons. This did not stop the cold war because nuclear weapons were still being developed

Question 8

Why was France in turmoil before Charles de Gaulle assumed power in 1958?

Answer 8

France was decolonizing Algeria and African countries.

Question 9

What constitution did De Gaulle impose?

Answer 9

the 5th republic: wanted to restore france to its former greatness, and to re-establish their platform on the world stage and in the economic community

Question 10

How did de Gaulle affect France’s relationship with NATO in 1966?

Answer 10

France leaves NATO due to their hostile relationship with the USA. They did not like how USA was involved in European affairs due to marshall plan.

Question 11

Why was france and US on bad terms when de Gaulle was in power?

Answer 11

because of the suez canal crises

Question 12

how did France benefit from leaving NATO in 1966?

Answer 12

breaking away from NATO allowed France to rebuild their military and atomic weapons

Question 13

How did de Gaulle impact Britain’s application into the European Economic Community?

Answer 13

de Gaulle vetoed Britain’s application into the EEC because they thought the EEC was incompatible with the economy of Britain, who was in debt.

Question 14

Why did de Gaulle veto Britain’s application into the EEC?

Answer 14

He saw Britain as a hinderance to France. Britain had connections with USA, who France was on bad terms with.

US REFUSED TO AID FRANCE WITH ALGERIA

Question 15

What was the Merger Treaty? (1967)

Answer 15

the Brussel Treaty: combines European Economic Community EEC itself, the Earuopean Coal and Steel Community ECSC and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) under control of a SINGLE EXECUTIVE BODY.

THIS WAS THE FIRST STEP TO THE MODERN DAY EU

Question 16

According to the Brussels Treaty, decisions need to be made _____

Answer 16

via unanimity or qualified majority.

Question 17

What was the Customs Union and what were its guidelines?

Answer 17

Developed in 1968 and part of the Merger/Brussles treaty:

1) no tarffis at internal boarders between EEC member countries
2) Common customs duties on imports from outside the EEC
3) Common rules of origin for products from outside the EEC
4) Common definition of customs value. All boarders have the same tarifs.

Question 18

T/F Because France had a lot of power in the EEC, France became a principal country on the international scene

Answer 18

True, thanks de Gaulle

Question 19

How did West Germany and France maintain infrastructure growth during the 1970s?

Answer 19

by bringing in foreign workers

Question 20

What groups in Britain face the most racism?

Answer 20

colonials from India and Pakistan

Question 21

What was the double standard that immigrants in Britain faced?

Answer 21

Double standard: seen as taking jobs away from whites, but they took jobs that weren’t wanted anyway

Question 22

Describe the happenings of West German agriculture in the 70s

Answer 22

productivity began to soar, and farmland could support more people.

Question 23

Benefits of the Western Common Market

Answer 23

1) agriculture boost
2) lower food prices
3) consumption of consumer goods
4) economic growth

Question 24

Upon the expansion of the western common market, _____ collar employees grow.

Answer 24

white collar employees. more middle management, less class distinctions.

Question 25

What benefitted the working classes in Western Europe during the 70s?

Answer 25

Trade Unions became a thing. allowed more women into the workforce.

Question 26

What happened to the education system in Western Europe during the 70s? What kind of society did this create?

Answer 26

compulsory education raised to 16 in France, West Germany and Britain. More people were getting higher levels of education

Led to the creation of a POST INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

Question 27

In Eastern Europe, which country was the most successful at implementing collectivization?

Answer 27

Bulgaria.

Question 28

Why was collectivaization not really flying in the USSR?

Answer 28

1) lack of surpluses
2) less consumption because citizens did not have a lot of spending money
3) too much industrialization
4) soviet workers lacked skill

Question 29

What was the Eastern European version of EEC? What was wrong with this model?

Answer 29

Comecon.

Cons: goods were purchased at prices that were beneficial to the USSR, but bad for the satellite states.
- goods from the USSR were sold at high prices to the satellite states, and goods from states were bought at low prices from USSR

Question 30

What plans were implemented in Poland that allowed it to trade more in the west?

Answer 30

6 year plans were implemented in poland, allowing a huge increase in GDP. More trading between Poland and western European countries occurred, fostering better relationships.

Question 31

Weakness of planned economies

Answer 31

1) problems with production quotas
2) supply and demand imbalance, creates shortages on products and raw materials
3) impact on consumers
4) increased power of party bureaucrats.

Question 32

What was education in Eastern Europe like in the 70s?

Answer 32

Education was used for indoctrination and as a method to try and unify many different ethnicities

Question 33

What were the Young Pioneers?

Answer 33

a national youth group organization for children ages 10-15, who were taught to fight enemies of socialism.

Question 34

Education drove the theme of _____; promoting complete uniformity

Answer 34

drove the theme of de-individualization