Week 4: Consolidating Western Europe Flashcards
Which two groups were responsible for the resistance movements in Yugoslavia
1) the Chetniks: supported by Serbs, monarchists, army. Was Pro-Yugoslavian and wanted to scale back German opposition to reinstitute a monarchy
2) the Communists (Partisans): supported by republicans and liberals who were violently opposed to Germans and non-communists.
Which Yugoslavian resistance group did the Allies support? Did USSR support?
allies supported the Chetniks and USSR supported the Partisans during WWII, but after WWII, USSR convinced the allies to start supporting the communists.
Who led the Partisan/Communist Resistance movement?
Josep Tito, who became the Prime Minister of the Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia
The new constitution implemented by Tito organized Yugoslavia into ____ republics
6 republics
What was the People’s Front (National Liberation Committee) program?
a program implemented by Tito that reinforced socialism by nationalization and land reform. Land was removed from private ownership and agriculture was socialized
- Tito brought in 5 year plans and started the Federal Planning Commission to oversee economic and industrial means of the country.
Why did Yugoslavia/Czech reach out for marshall aid?
because Tito’s implementation of the 5 year plans and Peoples Front Program stopped working and there was a huge drop in growth and infrastructure
What rule was implemented after Yugoslavia/Czech delegation reversed their decision to receive Marshall Aid?
Soviets made a rule that no Eastern Bloc Country accepts Marshall Aid as a stimulus for SOLIDARITY
Purpose of the Cominform
Cominform was sponsored by USSR and used to propaganda to make eastern bloc countries oppose the Marshall Plan. The Cominform’s headquarters were in Belgrande Yugoslavia.
Tito proposed the “revolution from ___” . What did the advocate for?
revolution from below, wanted for a single, united all-peoples’ organization. Tito began to spread word of this new form of leadership by touring other eastern bloc countries without Stalins approval, who took it as a demonstration of independence and questioning USSR leadership. Bulgaria, a country that admired the revolution from below model, suggested that Greece should become a part of this new model. Tito then went an dispatched communist troops to Greece to protect Greek bases
Why was stalin mad that Tito dispatched troops to Greek bases and started doing things without approval?
1) because he promised the allies that Greece would not become communist.
2) he knew that americans favored Greek nationalist cause and would be mad that there are communist troops on Greek bases, and that Americans had nuclear capabilities
3) he was concerned that if Tito was in charge of his own foreign policy, it might have a negative affect on soviet interests.
What is titoism
the form of socialism developed after yugoslavia was expelled from the Cominform in 1948 (revolution from below), after Tito was unwilling to allow the KPJ (communist party of yugoslavia) to be taken over by the USSR peoples front.
Why did soviets kick out Yugoslavia from the Cominform?
they believed that Yugoslavia had deviated from true communism.
What is nonalignment?
the lack of alliance of affiliation with other nations or groups, especially politically
What was considered to be Tito’s biggest achievement in terms of shifting Yugoslavian policy?
Tito adopted the theory of non-alignment, where they figured out how to run without the support of the USSR
- began to cultivate political ties with non-eastern bloc countries
- developed relationships with the allies
- developed relationships with Asian countries
- certain asian countries like India and ghana joined tito and helped found the official “nonaligned movement”
What’re the founding principles of the Nonaligned Movement?
1) no foreign intervention
2) peaceful coexistence
