Week 6 - The Arterial Supply of the Brain

Question 1

What is the function of the anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 1

Supplies blood to the medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes

Important for motor and sensory functions of the lower limbs.

Question 2

What does the ophthalmic artery supply?

Answer 2

Supplies the eye and surrounding structures

Branch of the internal carotid artery.

Question 3

What is the Circle of Willis?

Answer 3

A circular network of arteries at the base of the brain

Provides collateral circulation between the anterior and posterior blood supply.

Question 4

What are lenticulostriate arteries?

Answer 4

Small arteries that branch from the middle cerebral artery

Supply deep structures of the brain such as the basal ganglia.

Question 5

What is the role of the anterior communicating artery?

Answer 5

Connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries

Part of the Circle of Willis.

Question 6

What is the optic chiasm?

Answer 6

The point where the optic nerves cross

Important for visual processing.

Question 7

What is the infundibulum?

Answer 7

A stalk that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

Plays a role in hormone regulation.

Question 8

What is the recurrent artery of Heubner also known as?

Answer 8

Medial striate artery

Supplies the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior limb of the internal capsule.

Question 9

What does the internal carotid artery branch into?

Answer 9

Middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery

Major supply routes for the brain.

Question 10

What does the middle cerebral artery supply?

Answer 10

Lateral aspects of the cerebral hemisphere

Critical for motor and sensory functions of the upper limbs and face.

Question 11

What is the function of the anterior choroidal artery?

Answer 11

Supplies the choroid plexus, parts of the thalamus, and internal capsule

Important for cerebrospinal fluid production.

Question 12

What is the role of the posterior communicating artery?

Answer 12

Connects the internal carotid artery to the posterior cerebral artery

Part of the collateral circulation.

Question 13

What does the superior cerebellar artery supply?

Answer 13

Supplies the superior surface of the cerebellum

Vital for motor coordination.

Question 14

What is the function of the posterior cerebral artery?

Answer 14

Supplies the occipital lobe and the inferior part of the temporal lobe

Important for vision.

Question 15

What do pontine arteries supply?

Answer 15

Supply the pons

Essential for basic functions such as breathing.

Question 16

What does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery supply?

Answer 16

Supplies the anterior inferior part of the cerebellum

Important for balance and coordination.

Question 17

What is the labyrinthine artery also known as?

Answer 17

Internal auditory artery

Supplies the inner ear.

Question 18

What does the basilar artery form from?

Answer 18

Fusion of the two vertebral arteries

Supplies the brainstem and cerebellum.

Question 19

What is the function of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)?

Answer 19

Supplies the inferior part of the cerebellum and medulla

Important for coordination and balance.

Question 20

What does the vertebral artery supply?

Answer 20

Supplies the posterior part of the brain

Critical for brainstem and cerebellar functions.

Question 21

What does the posterior spinal artery supply?

Answer 21

Supplies the posterior aspect of the spinal cord

Important for sensory functions.

Question 22

What does the anterior spinal artery supply?

Answer 22

Supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord

Crucial for motor functions.