Week 6 - Social cognitive perspective Flashcards
What is social cognitive theory?
Social and cognitive factors involved in learning and behaviour. Reciprocal nature of the relationship between behaviour, environment and personal factors, such as beliefs, expectations and self-perceptions
What is Triadic Reciprocal Determinism?
Bandura proposed that the person, the environment, and the person’s behaviour itself all interact to produce the person’s subsequent behaviour.
None of the three components can be understood in isolation as a determiner of behaviour.
Who cam up with Triadic Reciprocal Determinism?
Bandura
What are some examples of behavioural factors?
Skills, practice, self-efficacy
What are some examples of environmental factors?
Social norms, access in community, influence on others
What are some examples of cognitive factors (person)?
Knowledge, expectations, attitudes
How do people influence their environment?
Though the potential environment is the same for all animals, the actual environment depends in the behaviour. Reinforcements, like punishment, exist only potentially in the environment and are only actualised by certain behaviour patterns
Who cam up with the idea of self-efficacy?
Bandura
What is self-efficacy?
Is an individual’s belief in their capacity to act in the ways necessary to reach specific goals.
What is the self efficacy theory?
- Bandura believes that much human behaviour is self-regulated: Self-observation, judgement, and self-response
- Through direct reinforcement and observational learning, performance standards develop the act as guides in evaluating one’s own behaviour
- Efficacy beliefs influence how people think, feel, motivate themselves and behave
- Judgements of personal efficacy influence not only what people will do but also how much effort and time they will devote to a task, especially when faced with difficulties
What study shows importance of high self-efficacy?
Shown that students with a high sense of academic self-efficacy display greater persistence, effort, and intrinsic interest in their academic learning and performance.
What is a problem with high self-efficacy?
Can lead to a stubborn commitment to a losing effort and thus may sometimes lead to an insensitivity to the contingencies of reinforcment
What are the 4 determinants of self-efficacy??
1) Performance attainments (achievements)
2) Observational learning
3) Verbal persuasion (“you can do it!”)
4) Emotional arousal
What is a case study for performance attainments?
Trained women though that they were more likely to be able to defend themselves than when they were not trained
What is a case study for observational learning?
Teammates in the GB Olympic team thought they could win a gold medal because their team-mates did
