Week 6 - PNF

Question 1

What is the goal of PNF technique?

Answer 1

To promote functional movement through facilitation, inhibition, strengthening and relaxation of muscle groups

Question 2

What is the clinician’s body position when performing PNF?

Answer 2

Mirroring patient’s direction of movement for effective facilitation. In line with the movement where possible

Question 3

Why use the lumbrical grip?

Answer 3

It stimulates the skin receptors

Question 4

Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO)

Answer 4

Inhibits muscle contraction when it is activated by lengthening, especially if lengthening is slow

Question 5

Greatest amount of resistance that can be applied to isotonic contraction and still allow full range movement to occur if working on mobility

Answer 5

Manual resistance

Question 6

Upper Limb PNF Pattern - D1 Flexion

Answer 6

“Grab baton stick & stick it in ear)
- Shoulder flexion, adduction, ER
- Elbow partial flexion
- Forearm supination
- Wrist and finger flexion
Brushing hair

Question 7

Upper Limb PNF Pattern - D1 Extension

Answer 7

“Grab your earring and throw it on the ground”
- Shoulder extension, abduction, IR
- Elbow extension
- Forearm pronation
- Wrist and finger extension
Closing car door

Question 8

Upper Limb PNF Pattern - D2 Flexion

Answer 8

“Grab sword and throw it in the air”
- Shoulder flexion, abduction, ER
- Elbow extension
- Forearm supination
- Wrist and finger extension
Zipping side of pants

Question 9

Upper Limb PNF Pattern - D2 Extension

Answer 9

“Catch the sword and put it in the sheath”
- Shoulder extension, adduction, IR
- Elbow extension
- Forearm pronation
- Wrist and finger flexion
Putting somewhere on shelf

Question 10

Lower Limb PNF Pattern - D1 Flexion

Answer 10

“I trod on something, what is it”
- Hip flexion, adduction, ER
- Knee flexion
- Ankle DF and inversion
- Toe extension
Take off shoe

Question 11

Lower Limb PNF Pattern - D1 Extension

Answer 11

“Oh it’s not poo, I’ll put my foot back down (and out)”
- Hip extension, abduction, IR
- Knee extension
- Ankle PF and eversion
- Toe flexion
Not used as frequent

Question 12

Lower Limb PNF Pattern - D2 Flexion

Answer 12

“I need to pee, I can only pee like dog”
- Hip flexion, abduction, IR
- Knee flexion
- Ankle DF and eversion
- Toe extension

Question 13

Lower Limb PNF Pattern - D2 Extension

Answer 13

Come back behind from D2 flexion
- Hip extension, adduction, ER
- Knee extension
- Ankle PF and inversion
- Toe flexion

Question 14

Rhythmic initiation

Answer 14

Teaches patient how to initiate movement

Start with passive movement, move to active, then light resistance

Question 15

3 types of repeated contractions

Answer 15

• Hold-relax active
• Hold-relax
• Contract-relax

Question 16

What is hold-relax active?

Answer 16

Contract isometrically in lengthened position, then relax, and joint is actively moved by patient to the new position (facilitates antagonist)

Question 17

What is the hold-relax technique?

Answer 17

Contract isometrically in lengthened position, then relax, and joint is passively moved by physio to the new position (inhibits antagnoist)

Question 18

What is the contract-relax technique?

Answer 18

Same as hold relax but patient is allowed to perform the rotation component of the movement concentrically during the isometric contraction

Question 19

Alternating isometrics

Answer 19

• Promotes stability
• Patient holds position and therapists ask for isometric contractions altering antagonists and agonists
  “don’t let me push”

Question 20

Rhythmic stabilisation

Answer 20

• Promotes stability
• Patient holds position and therapist applies multidirectional resistance

Question 21

Slow reveresal

Answer 21

Concentric contractions of muscle groups, alternating agonist with antagonist

Question 22

The Bobath concept seeks to…

Answer 22

• Optimise functional independence by encouraging the most efficient motor behaviour available to the individual
• Minimise compensatory motor behaviour of the less affected body segments/limb
• Minimise atypical motor behaviour of the more affected body segments/limbs