WEEK 6 II Flashcards
As political activity, international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides (c. 460–395 BC). History confirmed the anarchical nature of the international system, in which there was a state of constant antagonism between Sparta and Athens. It developed that the cause of the Peloponnesian War was Athens’ power buildup, which in turn led to Sparta’s security dilemma.
Thucydides
was a 17th-century religious conflict fought primarily in central Europe. It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human history, with more than 8 million casualties resulting from military battles as well as from the famine and disease caused by the conflict. The history of international relations based on sovereign states is often traced back to the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, a stepping stone in the development of the modern state system.
The Thirty Years’ War
is an international organization founded in 1945. Currently made up of 193 Member States, the UN, and its work are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter. The UN has evolved over the years to keep pace with a rapidly changing world. But one thing has stayed the same: it remains the one place on Earth where all the world’s nations can gather together, discuss common problems, and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity.
The United Nations
the European medieval political power system was based on a vaguely hierarchical religious order. regarded as a key step in the development of tolerance and secularization across the world. It also strengthened nations since they could now enter into foreign alliances and decide important matters, such as peace and war.
The Peace of Westphalia
was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne of Spain and involved much of Europe for over a decade. a peace agreement signed in 1713 between England and France to end a war that began in Europe in 1701. This war, sometimes called “Queen Anne’s War” for the reigning Queen of England, involved several European countries in a dispute about rights to the throne of Spain.
The Peace of Utrecht
was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes. Though first proposed by President Woodrow Wilson as part of his Fourteen Points plan for an equitable peace in Europe, the United States never became a member. came into being after the end of World War One. The League of Nation’s task was simple – to ensure that war never broke out again. After the turmoil caused by the Versailles Treaty, many looked to the League to bring stability to the world.
The League of Nations
was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, which began following World War II. refers to the period of Soviet-American antagonism that dominated the international system from approximately 1945 to 1991. There is a vast and continually expanding literature on the Cold War, offering much value to international relations scholars.
The Cold War
conflict between the Soviet Union and the US. The two powers who emerged from World War II as preeminent in world politics became engaged in a protracted global conflict which, though actual combat between them never eventuated, involved the largest and most destructive military arsenals in history.
The Cold War
a period of history that follows the end of the Cold War, which represents history after the 1991 fall of the Soviet Union. The end of the Cold War changed the global architecture in ways that are proving tectonic.
The post–Cold War era
is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world a more connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic and social changes that have come about as a result.
Globalization
