Week 6 Flashcards
What disorder is characterized by an inability to attend to the left side of space?
Hemispatial neglect
This disorder often results from damage to the right hemisphere of the brain.
What brain area is often associated with hemispatial neglect?
Temporal parietal junction
What type of memory is characterized by the ability to hold and manipulate information temporarily?
Working memory
Which system is responsible for directing attention in the brain?
Dorsal attention network
What is the role of the central executive in working memory?
Controller that holds and manipulates information
What is the primary difference between short-term and long-term memory?
Short-term memory is limited; long-term memory is unlimited
What type of memory includes facts and general knowledge?
Semantic memory
In the context of memory, what does the term ‘episodic’ refer to?
Memory of specific events or experiences
True or False: Hemispatial neglect affects only visual processing.
False
It can also affect auditory and somatosensory processing.
What is the law of equipotentiality in memory?
All parts of the cortex contribute equally to learning and memory
Fill in the blank: The _______ loop is responsible for language storage in working memory.
phonological
What are the three components of working memory?
- Phonological loop
- Visuospatial sketchpad
- Episodic buffer
What type of memory is involved in learning skills, like riding a bike or playing the piano?
Procedural memory
What is the difference between declarative and nondeclarative memory?
- Declarative (explicit) memory involves facts and events
- Nondeclarative (implicit) memory involves skills and conditioning
What is a common result of damage to the hippocampus, as seen in patient H.M.?
Inability to create new episodic memories
What is the function of the frontal parietal network in attention?
Determines what you should be paying attention to
What does the law of mass action state about memory?
Learning and memory are distributed across the cortex; more cortex equals better memory.
What is the function of the episodic buffer in working memory?
Integrates and stores information about events
Fill in the blank: The _______ sketchpad is the visual component of working memory.
visuospatial
What is the impact of strong cues on spatial neglect?
Can help overcome the neglect
What does ‘haptic processing’ refer to in the context of hemispatial neglect?
Attention not vision, focusing on sensations from the left side
What does the central executive allow for in cognitive tasks?
Task switching and filtering relevant information
What do lesion studies in animals and patients reveal about memory systems?
Different memory systems behave differently and can be selectively impaired
What is the significance of the 18-20 seconds duration in working memory?
It indicates how long information can be held in the phonological loop
