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PHYSIO MIDTERMS > WEEK 6 > Flashcards

WEEK 6 Flashcards

1
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The brain’s capacity to continue growing and evolving in life experiences

A

Neuroplasticity

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2
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The capacity to be shaped, molded, or altered

A

Plasticity

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3
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The ability for the brain to adapt or change over time by creating new neurons and building new networks

A

Neuroplasticity

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4
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Refers to the creation of new brain cells

A

Neurogenesis

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Certain regions of the brain, particularly the cerebellum can generate new cells throughout adult life

A

FALSE, it is the hippocampus that can generate new cells throughout adult life

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

After a limb is amputated or lost, most people continue to feel sensation in that body part

A

TRUE

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7
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Neurons continue to transmit __________ ___________ about the body part that they previously controlled

A

Sensory Information

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

To stimulte neuproplasticity, it is necessary to use the mind and body to reshape the brain

A

TRUE

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Running an hour per day (5 times per week) can increased brain matters in the hippocampus.

A

FALSE; It is walking an hour per day that can increased brain matters

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Stress strengthens BDNF

A

FALSE; it weakens BDNF

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11
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

What is the meaning of BDNF?

A

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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12
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

It stimulates release of substance

A

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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13
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Sets in motion the growth of new synaptic connections and bolster the strength of signals transmitted from neuron to neuron.

A

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

People who have endured traumatic brain injuries have revealed the remarkable capacity for the brain to change and heal

A

TRUE

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15
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

She was tragically shot in the head in 2011 could not speak following the incident, but music therapy helped her to recover the ability to express herself.

A

US Representative Gabrielle Gifford

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16
Q

True or False - NEUROPLASTICITY

Study on British taxi drivers found that memorizing the city streets led to changes in the memory center, the prefrontal cortex

A

FALSE; it led to changes in the hippocampus

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17
Q

True or False - NEUROPLASTICITY

The dynamic capacity of the brain to rewire itself in response to experience makes a case for lifelong stimulation to maintain optimal brain health and to decrease the risk of dementia and degenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

All of these are an example of Nonpharmacologic Methods, EXCEPT:

  • Engaging in positive social interactions
  • Engaging in play
  • Being in enriched and stimulating environments
  • Utilizing of aspirin
  • Developing a sense of purpose in life
A

Utilizing of aspirin

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19
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

Refers to the idea that neurological differences, such as those seen in autism or ADHD, reflect normal variations in brain development.

A

Neurodiversity

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20
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

Neurodiversity was first coined in the 1990s by Australisn Sociel Scientist named ____________, who is herself on the autism spectrum.

A

Judy Singer

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

The term neurodiversity originally referred most to ADHD

A

FALSE; it is originally referred most to autism

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22
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

It is normal and have existed throughout human history

A

Neurological Differences

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23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

Modifying the environment of a neurodiverse individual, reducing stigma, and prioritizing each person’s inherent dignity will, proponents argue, allow for such individuals to discover innate talents and thrive within a diverse society functional brain change

24
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

The Austrian pediatrician and medical theorist who referred to children with precocious aptitude as “little professors”

A

Hans Asperger

25
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

What company developed a hiring program geared solely toward those on the spectrum (people who would never make it through a standard phone interview) to increase the diversity of its workforce?

26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

Microsoft hired more than 500 people on the spectrum

A

FALSE; they hired more than 100 people

27
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

In what country did the technology company SAP moved on an initiative to hire hundreds of individuals on the spectrum as softwre engineers and product-testers.

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

People with neurological differences should be respected, understood, and supported, rather than pathologized or viewed as disordered.

29
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODIVERSITY

What are the other companies that hire the neurodiverse?

A
  • Goldman Sachs
  • JPMorgan Chase
  • Dell
30
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Chronic conditions that damage and destroy parts of the nervous system over time, especially the brain.

A

Neurodegenerative Diseases

31
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

What are the types of Degenerative Brain Diseases?

A
  • Dementia-Type Diseases
  • Demyelinating Diseases
  • Parkinsonism-Type Diseases
  • Motor Neuron Diseases
  • Prion Diseases
32
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Cause progressive damage to various areas of the brain, causing neurons in several areas of the brain to die

A

Dementia-Type Diseases

33
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

What are the symptoms of someone who has Dementia-Type Diseases?

A
  • Confusion
  • Memory Loss
  • Trouble Thinking/Concentrating
  • Behavior Changes
34
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

Dementia-Type Diseases includes all of these conditions EXCEPT:

  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Frontotemporal dementia
  • Parkinson’s Disease
  • Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)
  • Lewy body dementia
  • Limbic predominant age-related TDP=43 encephalopathy (LATE).
A

Parkinson’s Disease

35
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

Involve myelin damage or loss which affects sending and relaying of nerve signals

A

Demyelinating Diseases

36
Q

ENUMERATION:

What are the diseases include in Demyelinating Diseases?

A
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
  • Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)
37
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

All of these are the symptoms of Demyelinating Diseases EXCEPT:

  • Tingling or numbness
  • Pain
  • Muscle Spasms
  • Shaking and Tremors
  • Weakness and Paralysis
  • Coordination issues and fatigue
A

Shaking and Tremors

38
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

Happen because of damage to specific neurons in the brain that help manage coordination and precise control of muscle movements.

A

Parkinsonism-Type Diseases

39
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

What is an example of Parkinsonism-Type Diseases?

A

Parkinson’s Disease and other form of parkinsonism

40
Q

ENUMERATION:

What are the symptoms that are often involved in Parkinsonism-type diseases?

A
  • Slowed Movements
  • Shaking and Tremors
  • Balance Problems
  • Shuffling Steps
  • Hunched Posture
41
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

Happens when neurons that control movements die off

A

Motor Neuron Diseases

42
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig’s disease) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) are known as what type of diseases?

A

Motor Neuron Diseases

43
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Motor Neuron Diseases can lose muscle control that causes weakness and eventually paralysis

44
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Type of protein misfolding disease that cause serious brain damage in a relatively short time

A

Prion Diseases

45
Q

IDENTIFICATION:

What is the most common Prion Diseases?

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENARATIVE DISEASES

Most people who have prion diseases survives for more than a year

A

FALSE; they don’t survive for more than a year

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Degenerative brain diseases are uncommon but happen often enough to be common knowledge.

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Degenerative Brain Diseases affects more than 50 million people worldwide

49
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Neurodegenerative Disease develops slowly and the effects and symptoms tend to appear later in life.

50
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

What are the risk factors in Neurodegenerative Diseases?

A
  • Age
  • Genetics
  • Environment
  • Area where you live
  • Medical History
  • Habits, Routine, and Choices
51
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

What can we do to prevent having a Neurodegenerative Diseases?

A
  • Eat a balanced diet
  • Stay physically active and maintain a healthy weight
  • Wear safety equipment as needed
  • See primary care providers annually
52
Q

ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

How to take care of loved ones with Neurodegenerative Disease?

A
  • Don’t treat them like an invalid or burden
  • Ask what they need
  • Offer help
  • Take care of yourself
53
Q

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

What is the goal in treating the neurodegenerative diseases?

A

Treat the symptoms and slow the progress of the conditions when possible

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Neurodegenerative Diseases has a sudden damage and can destroy parts of the nervous system

A

FALSE; it has a gradual damage

55
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

These conditions are permanent and incurable, but many are treatable because of medical advances.

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