Week 6 Flashcards
Uses random assignment, and experimental, a control group, pre-testing, and post-testing
Classic experimental design
A group in quasi-experimental designs that receives “treatment as usual” instead of no treatment
Comparison group
The group in an experiment that does not receive the intervention
Control group
A method f data collection designed to test hypotheses under controlled conditions
Experiment
The group in an experiment that receives the intervention
Experimental group
A measurement taken after the intervention
Post-test
A type of experimental design that uses random assignment, an experimental, a control group, and a post-test, but does not utilize a pre-test
Post-test only control group design
A measurement taken prior to the intervention
Pre-test
A random process to assign people into experimental and control groups
Random assignment
Uses random assignment, two experimental and two control groups, pre-tests for half of the groups, and post-tests for all
Solomon four-group design
When a participant’s scores on a measure change because they have already been exposed to it
Testing effects
A group of experimental designs that contain independent and dependent variables, pre-testing and post-testing, and experimental and control groups
True experiments
Groups that are similar across factors important for the study
Comparable groups
When the researchers who interact with participants are unaware of who is in the control group or the experimental group
Double-blind
The degree to which experimental conclusions generalize to larger populations and different situations
External validity
The confidence researchers have about whether their intervention produce variation in their dependent variable
Internal validity
When a participant feels better, despite having received no intervention at all
Placebo effect
Conducting another researcher’s experiment in the same manner and seeing if it produces the same results
Replication
When a researcher consciously or unconsciously influences assignment into experimental and control groups
Selection bias
When the comparison group and experimental group are determined to be similar along important variables
Aggregate matching
A control group created when a researcher matches individuals after the intervention is administered
Ex post facto control group
Pairing participants who have similar attributes for the purpose of group assignment
Individual matching
Situations in which comparable groups are created by differences that already occur in the real world
Natural experiments
A quasi-experimental design that is like a classic experimental design but does not use random assignment.
Nonequivalent comparison group design
A pre-experimental design that applies an intervention to only one group without a pre-test
One-shot case study
A variation of experimental design that lacks the rigor of experiments and is often used before a true experiment is conducted
Pre-experimental design
These designs lack random assignment to experimental and control groups
Quasi-experimental design
Uses both an experimental group and a comparison group, but does not use random assignment or pre-testing
Static group design
A quasi-experimental design that uses multiple observations before and after an intervention
Time series design
Quantitative analysis that examines relationships among two variables
Bivariate analysis
A document that outlines how a survey researcher has translated their data from words into numbers
Codebook
Shows how variation on one variable may be contingent on variation on the other
Contingency table
Summarizes the distribution of responses on a single survey question
Frequency distribution
There is no relationshop between the two variable in question
Independence
Also known as the average, this is the sum of the value of all responses on a given variable divided by the total number of responses
Mean
The value that lies in the middle of a distribution of responses
Median
The most common response given to a question
Mode
Quantitative analysis that examines relationships among more than two variables
Multivariate analysis
Bias-reflected differences between people who respond to your survey and those who do not respond
Nonresponse-bias
The number of people who respond to your survey divided by the number of people to whom the survey was distributed
Response rate
Quantitative analysis that describes patterns across just one variable
Univariate analysis
The period of time before the intervention starts
Baseline stage
Beginning a new course of treatment or adding a new dimension to an existing treatment
Multiple treatment design
The time in which the treatment is administerd by the social worker
Treatment stage
A pattern in the data of a single-subjects design
Trend
