Week 6 Flashcards
What is speed
- The highest possible velocity reached through movement of the body
- Speed = stride length x stride frequency
- Stride = Support phase + Flight phase
Phases of speed
- Start, acceleration and max velocity
The Start Phase
- Position used to generate the power needed to overcome inertia and propel the body forward
- A good starting position has the lead foot’s heel just in front of the back foot’s toe, hands and shoulders vertically aligned and the hips held high
- where strength is most beneficial for speed
- critical for several sports as generating velocity from stand still is necessary
Acceleration Phase
- Phase which is used to continuously drive the body at a faster rate of velocity in an effort to reach max velocity
- greatest rate of acceleration is on the first step and early steps feature longer ground contact times due to large horizontal forces
- key is maintaining a forward lean position and slowly transition to upright running as velocity is gained
- Quickly accelerating the body to high velocities is key for any sport where movement is involved
Max velocity phase
- Highest possible velocity
- reached between 20m (novice) and 60m (elite)
- Maintain max velocity in upright running mechanics
- Cyclical patterning of the arms and legs and has minimal ground contact time
Multi-Directional Movement
- Whole body horizontal changes of direction such as faking and avoiding
- Whole body vertical changes in direction such as jumping and leaping
- Rapid movements of body parts that control movements of implements in sports such as tennis, hockey
- Rotational Speed is most important but least trained
- Acceleration and absolute speed in linear also important + Shuffle and cutting in lateral.
Change of Direction
A pre-programmed rapid whole body movement with change in velocity and direction of movement
- Closed skill
Closed skill
Skill that does not involve decision making or response
- Movements follow set patterns and have a clear beginning and end
- habitual skills
Establishing Proper Positioning
- Center of Mass
- The point within the body where all mass is equidistance - Bass of support
- Ground contact points where the COM can reside within, front or behind - Angle of attack
- Optimal angle of hip-knee-ankle positioning to produce force
Agility
A rapid whole body movement with change of velocity and direction in response to a stimuli
- open skill
Open skill
Skills that require decision making and movements in response to a stimuli
- Skills are predominantly perceptual
Spatial Anticipation
Person is asked to predict as fast as possible the direction or the landing point of a moving object
Temporal Anticipation
Person has to make a motor response coincident with some external event
Factors of Agility
- Mobility
- Biomechanics
- Coordination
- stabilization
- speed
- Strength
- energy system development
- elasticity
- Power
- Dynamic Balance
Opportunity to influence agility
- Improve mobility
- improve balance (static and dynamic)
- Improve strength( hips to torso)
- Improve body control (positioning)
- Improve elasticity (plyos, skipping)
- Drills (speed and agility)
