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Sports med > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

Emergency and spinal

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

Emergency Action Plan

A

A written plan for the event of an emergency

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2
Q

Universal Precautions

A

-Developed by CDC
- “An approach to treat all human blood and bodily fluids as if they were known to be infectious”

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3
Q

Why are universal precautions in place?

A

-To Protect the Provider
-To Protect the patients

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4
Q

Hand washing =

A

-the #1 way to prevent –the transfer of disease
-20-30 sec

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5
Q

Gloves

A

-are non-porous
-used any time bodily fluids could become present
-protects nail beds and hands from transmission

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6
Q

Gloves can be made of…..

A

latex or nitrite

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7
Q

Primary Survey

A

-Asses potential for life threatening condition to arise
-complete regardless to the situation

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8
Q

Secondary Survey

A

-completed after life threatening situation has been ruled out

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9
Q

Secondary Surveys give information about…

A

-the injury
-stabilizing the athlete
-and how to determine the exit from the situation

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10
Q

LOC
(Level of conciseness)

A

-Make sure the scene is safe
- Go Through AVPU

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11
Q

A

A

Alert

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12
Q

V

A

Verbal

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13
Q

P

A

painful

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14
Q

U

A

unresponsive

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15
Q

ABC’s

A

-Airway
-Breathing
-Circulation
-Look listen and feel for signs of life

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16
Q

Hemorrhage

A

-Abnormal discharge of blood
-Internal or external

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17
Q

Vein

A

Dark red color to blood and slow and steady bleeding

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18
Q

Artery

A

Bright red color to blood and spurting bleeding

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19
Q

Treating open wounds

A

-Direct pressure
-Wound packing
-Elevation
-Tourniquet

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20
Q

Direct pressure or wound packing

A

-Hand over sterile gauze
-Pack wound with rolled/pad gauze
-Apply resistance

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21
Q

Elevation

A

-Works for inflammation
-Above heart
-Not proven to work for bleeding

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22
Q

Pressure Point for tourniquet upper extremity

A

Brachial

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23
Q

Pressure Point for Tourniquet lower extremity

A

Femoral

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24
Q

Tourniquet

A

-note the time of applications
-turn until blood flow stops completely

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25
Q

Internal Bleeding

A

-Invisible
-Signs and symptoms based
-leads to shock
-EMS is needed!!

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26
Q

Shock

A

-Medical emergency
-O2 demand>O2 distribution

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27
Q

Predisposing conditions to shock

A

-Fatigue
-Extreme hot/cold
-Dehydration
-Illness
-Server injury

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28
Q

Signs and symptoms of shock

A

-cool and clammy skin
-pale skin
-weak and rapid pulse
-increased respiratory rate (RR)
-shallow breathing
-Decreased Blood Pressure

29
Q

Cool And Clammy skin

A

-Blood moves from extremities to heart/lungs

30
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increased O2 levels

31
Q

Pale skin

A

Blood Moving away from extremities to major organs

32
Q

signs of pale skin

A

-Skin loses color
-weak and rapid pulse
-weak and low BP
-Rapid increase in O2

33
Q

Increased RR

A

O2 dropped=Increased RR

34
Q

Shallow Breathing =

A

Low effort and saves energy

35
Q

Decreased BP

A

-vasodilation=Blood Volume down
-Pressure decrease

36
Q

Hypovolemic Shock

A

-Blood Loss
-Decreased BP=Deacreased O2

37
Q

Respiratory Shock

A

-Lungs Unable to keep up
-O2 need>O2 supply
-Trama collapsed Lung

38
Q

Neurogenic Shock

A

-Spinal cord Injury
-Dysregulation of automatic body functions
-Pupil response, RR, HR
-Normal blood supply can’t fill up blood vessels

39
Q

Psychogenic Shock

A

-Fainting
-Positional Changes
-Vasodilation-Rapid O2 drop to Brain

40
Q

Cardiogenic Shock

A

-Heart Trauma
-Heart Stop pumping
-Heart beats out of rhythm

41
Q

Septic Shock

A

-Server Bacteria Infection
-Toxins=Blood Vessels
-Dialation=Decreased O2

42
Q

Anaphylactic Shock

A

-Server Allergic Reaction
-Foods, insect stings, dust, pollen
-Treated with an EPI pen

43
Q

Metabolic Shock

A

-Dehydration
-Loss of body fluid
-Step 1 clammy skin step 2 dry skin

44
Q

1st Step to treat

A

-Call ems/Get AED
-Shock=ems
- Info short and sweet
- Talk to patient

45
Q

2nd Step to treat

A

-assess and maintain body temp
-Hot=Apply ice to main arteries
-Cold=Warm blankets, get indoors

46
Q

3rd step to treat

A

-Elevate feel and legs 8-12 in
-neck injury=stabalize
-skull fracture etc.= elevate head
-Fractures=splint and elevate

47
Q

4th step to treat

A

-Assess Vitals
-every 2-3 min
-Log time of 1st assessment

48
Q

Tips

A

-Keep patent calm
-get people away
-lessen restricting clothing

49
Q

Why can we not give medicine or liquids?

A

If they would randomly go into surgery they can not have medication or liquids in there system

50
Q

Nervous System

A

-main control center
-2 parts
-Central and peripheral nervous system

51
Q

Central Nervous System

A

-CNS
-Brain
-Protected by skull
-Spinal Cord
-Protected by spine

52
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

-PNS
-Peripheral nerves
-Links arms, legs, and organs to spinal cord

53
Q

Spine Segments

A

5 Segments
-Cervical
-Thoracic
-Lumbar
-Sacral
-Coccygeal

54
Q

Cervical Spine

A

C-Spine=7 vertebrae
C1-C7
-C1- Atlas
-C2- Axis
Highly Movable
-Small, weak, fragile

55
Q

Thoracic Spine

A

T-Spine=12 vertebrae
T1-T12
Attachment sight for ribs
Highly movable but less Movable then C-Spine

56
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

L-Spine=5 vertebrae
L1-L5
-Least mobile
-Big Strong
Absorb large amounts of force

57
Q

Sacral Spine

A

S-Spine=5 fused vertebrae
Large Immobile
Attach spine to hips

58
Q

Coccygeal Spine

A

Co-Spine=4 vertebrae
CO1-CO4
“Tailbone”
Largely immobile
small, weak, fragile

59
Q

Afferent V.S. Efferent

A

-Nerves send messages to and from brain

60
Q

Afferent

A

Send motor messages from brain

61
Q

Efferent

A

Send motor messages from Brain

62
Q

Dermatomes

A

Area of nerve innervation in skin
-innervation means connection
Same location on every patient

63
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

-Neves extending from C5-T1
-Control feeling and movement of arms and the hands

64
Q

Lumbar/Sacral Plexus

A

-Nerves extending from L1-L2
-Same as upper

65
Q

Dermatomal Evaluation

A

-Screen of sensation
-Ability of patient to “feel”
-Performed on individual dermatomes

66
Q

Two-Point decrimination

A

-Patient Distinguishes between 2 points in random manner
-Use touchtester
-4-7 responses must be accurate

67
Q

Positive 2 point test

A

-Greater than 6mm
-Patient dose not achieve 4/7

68
Q

Norms for 2 point test

A

Normal: <6
Fair: 6-10mm
Poor: 11-15mm

69
Q

Positive test means…..

A

-Disc Herniation
-PNS Damage
-CNS Damage

Sports med (6 decks)

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