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Sports med > The Basics > Flashcards

The Basics Flashcards

Week 2-4

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

Orthopedics

A

-the branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles

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2
Q

Bones

A

-206
-grow as we get older
-made up of
-calcium
- collagen

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3
Q

Muscles

A

-contractile tissue
-moves the skeleton
-similar to rubber bands
- good blood flow

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4
Q

Origin

A

Boney location where muscle starts

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5
Q

Insertion

A

boney location where muscle ends

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6
Q

Action

A

the movement pattern

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7
Q

Innervation

A

Branch of nerve that causes muscle to move

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8
Q

Tendons

A

-non-contractile issue
-connects muscle to bone
-Lack blood flow

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9
Q

Ligament

A

-Attach bone to bone
-connective tissue
-lack blood flow

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10
Q

Fascia

A

-mesh weaving through/within the body
-holds muscles in bundles

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11
Q

What are systems made up of?

A

Cellular structures

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12
Q

Structure

A

Formation of cells that create a living organism

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13
Q

Function

A

The reason a process ocures, purpose of a structure

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14
Q

Cavities

A

-Space that houses an organ
-Lined by protective coverings
-Filled with fluid

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15
Q

Dorsal Cavity

A

cranial and vertebral cavity

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16
Q

Cranial Cavity
Contains:

A

Brain

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17
Q

Cranial Cavity
Protected by:

A

Skull, dura matter

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18
Q

Dura Matter

A

Fibrouse protective coating

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19
Q

Vertebral Cavity
Contains:

A

Spinal cord

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20
Q

Vertebral cavity
Protected by:

A

Dura matter

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21
Q

Ventral cavity

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavity

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22
Q

Thoracic Cavity
Contains:

A

Heart, lungs

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23
Q

Thoracic Cavity
Protected by:

A

Ribs and Pleura

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24
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity
Contains:

A

Spleen, digestive system, urinary system, reproductive system

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25
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity
Protected by:

A

Peritoneum, musculatory

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26
Q

3 parts to medical terms

A

prefix, suffix, root word

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27
Q

Prefix
Location:

A

Beginning of the word

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28
Q

Prefix
Meaning:

A

Location,#,time

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29
Q

Suffix
Location:

A

End of word

30
Q

Suffix
Meaning:

A

conditions, referring to, procedures, etc

31
Q

Root word

A

Central meaning

32
Q

Root word
Meaning:

A

Anatomical structure, color, feeling, etc

33
Q

Reading/defining medical terms

A
  1. read suffix
  2. read prefix
  3. read across word
34
Q

Vital signs definition

A

“clinical measurements that indicate the state of a patients essential body functions”

35
Q

Why do we take vital signs?

A

-Discover patients status before, during, and after activity
-Indicates physiological responses to treatment

36
Q

Pulse

A

-Hr
-Measured in bpm
-Direct extension of the beating heart

37
Q

Why do we check pulse?

A

-Asses cardiovascular health
-Determine flow of cardiovascular system

38
Q

Pulse can be measured..

A

-At rest (resting hr)
-During excercise
-After excercise

39
Q

CV

A

Cardiovascular

40
Q

Measuring Pulse

A

-use pointer and middle finger
-15sec * 4

41
Q

Child normal HR

A

80-100bpm

42
Q

Adult normal HR

A

60-100bpm

43
Q

Tachycardia

A

> 100bpm

44
Q

Bradycardia
child:

A

<80

45
Q

Bradycardia
Adult:

A

<60

46
Q

Why measure BP?

A

Determine vascular resistance to blood flow.
Ex: Garden hose

47
Q

Systolic Pressure

A

-Top number
-pressure in the arteries when blood is pumped in
First audible beat

48
Q

Diastolic Pressure

A

-bottom number
Pressure remaining in arteries when blood is pumped out

49
Q

BP norms

A

<120 mmHg systolic
<80 mmHg diastolic

50
Q

Prehypertension

A

120-139/80-89
-increased risk for cardiac arrest

51
Q

Hypertension

A

140/90 or above
-at risk for cardiac arrest

52
Q

Hypotension

A

100/60
-at risk for fainting, injury, or brain damage

53
Q

How to take BP

A

1.Inspect all equipment
2.place cuff on left upper arm of patient
3.close valve on bulb
4.place diaphragm on cubital fossa
5.inflate to 200mmHg
6.Slowly open valve
7.listen for first beat (systolic reading)
8.listen for last beat (diastolic) reading
9.record as #7/#8

54
Q

To hot =

A

sweat

55
Q

To cold =

A

shiver

56
Q

Core temp can diagnose…

A

-dehydration
-heat exhaustion
-heat stroke
-fever
-infection

57
Q

Temperature controlled by…

A

Hypothalamus (in brain)

58
Q

Normal body temperature =

A

98.6 degrees

59
Q

Temp is over 108

A

deadly

60
Q

Temp can be taken…

A

-in ear
-forehead
-mouth
-rectum
-armpit

61
Q

Assessing temperature…

A
  1. Apply plastic sheath
  2. Turn on thermometer
  3. Place under tongue, let patient place in ear
  4. Hold and take reading
62
Q

Respiration

A

-Also known as RR
-Transportation of oxygen to cells
-Asses with a stethoscope

63
Q

RR Norms

A

Adult:12-16
Child:12-20
(Note whether patient has difficulty breathing aka labored breathing)

64
Q

Bradypnea

A

<12 RR

65
Q

Tachypnea

A

> 20 RR for adult
16 RR for child

66
Q

Hyperventalation

A

> 20 RR but with deep breathing

67
Q

Auscultaion

A

-listening for sounds
-assess lobes of lungs

68
Q

Rales

A

-clicking, bubbling, rattling, sounds
-Fluid, disease

69
Q

Rhonci

A

-snoring/underwater sounds
-Airway obstruction/narrowing

70
Q

Strider

A

-whistling sound (seal)
-Airway obstruction, vocal cord dysfunction

71
Q

Wheezing

A

-High pitched sound from narrow airways or external breathing
-asthma, airway inflammation

Sports med (6 decks)

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