Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a router?

A

A router is a device that joins two or more networks and passes packets from one network to another

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2
Q

What are the categories of routers?

A
  • Core routers (interior routers) — Direct data between networks within the same autonomous system (AS)
  • Edge routers (border routers) — Connect an autonomous system with an outside network
  • Exterior routers — Refers to any router outside the organisation’s AS
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3
Q

What is an AS?

A

An autonomous system (AS) is a collection of networks under a common administration (a single organisation, ISP, or systems administrator) and sharing a common routing strategy

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4
Q

What layer of the OSI model do routers operate at?

A

Network Layer (Layer 3)

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5
Q

What are the two types of multilayer switches?

A
  • Layer 3 switches - capable of interpreting layer 3 data and works much like a router.
  • Layer 4 switch - capable of interpreting layer 4 data
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6
Q

What is a routing table?

A

A routing table is a database that maintains information about where hosts are located and the most efficient way to reach them. They contain IP addresses and network masks that identify a network that a host or another router belongs to

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7
Q

What are the two types of routing paths?

A
  • Static routing - Network administrators configures a routing table to direct messages along specific paths
  • Dynamic routing - automatically calculates the best path between two networks and maintains this information in a routing table
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8
Q

What are routing protocols?

A

Routing protocols are protocols used by routers to communicate with each other to determine the best path

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9
Q

What is Administrative distance (AD)?

A

Administrative distance is a number indicating a protocol’s reliability

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10
Q

What is convergence time?

A

Convergence time is the time it takes to recognise the best path in the event of a change or network outage

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11
Q

What is overhead?

A

The burden placed on the underlying network to support the protocol

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12
Q

What are the two types of routing protocols?

A
  • IGP (interior gateway protocols) - these are used by core routers and edge routers within autonomous systems and are often grouped according to the algorithms they use to calculate best paths
  • EGP (exterior gateway protocols) - Used by edge routers and exterior routers to distribute data outside of autonomous systems (BGP is the only EGP currently in use)
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13
Q

What are distance-vector routing protocols?

A

distance-vector routing protocols calculate the path on the basis of the distance to the destination

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14
Q

What are link-state routing protocols?

A

Enables routers to communicate beyond neighbouring routers in order to independently map the network and determine the best path

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15
Q

What is OSPF?

A

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is an IGP and link-state protocol used on interior or border routers (is an improvement to RIP)

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16
Q

What is IS-IS?

A

IS-IS (Intermediate system to intermediate system) is an IGP and link-state routing protocol. Used for core routers and is not handcuffed to IPv4

17
Q

What is EIGRP

A

EIGRP (Exterior Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is an advanced distance-vector protocol that combines some of the features of a link-state protocol