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Human Physiology and exercise > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of the cardiovascular system

A

Transportation of oxygen, nutrients and metabolises to the tissues and the removal of metabolic waste products
Distribution of hormones to the tissues, and secretion of some hormones
Involvement in homeostatic mechanisms. Key role in the regulation of body temperature

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2
Q

2 circuits in the cardiovascular system

A

Pulmonary and systemic circulation

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3
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Connected to the heart in series, meaning the entire blood volume has to pass through it every time it circulates the body

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4
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Connected to the heart in parallel meaning there is a choice of which part of the body receives more or less of the available blood volume

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5
Q

Darcys law

A

Flow = pressure difference / resistance

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6
Q

Pressure difference

A

This drives blood around the cardiovascular system

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7
Q

Resistance

A

This is what blood has to overcome in order to flow

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8
Q

Flow

A

The balance between pressure and resistance determines how much flow there is

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9
Q

Relationship between flow rate, velocity and cross sectional area

A

Velocity = flow rate / cross sectional area

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10
Q

How does the velocity, cross sectional area, flow rate equation link with a garden hose

A

Squeezing the garden hose would project the water further
Decreasing CSA, for a given flow rate, increases velocity

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11
Q

The ______ the vessel, the _______ the flow

A

The narrower the vessel, the faster the flow

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12
Q

The heart is surrounded by a fibrous sac called the

A

Pericardium

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13
Q

Role of the pericardium

A

Protects the heart by providing lubrication during its movement
Also helps anchor the heart

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14
Q

Role of the coronary circulation

A

Provide heart with nutrients to operate constantly

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15
Q

The right part of the heart (technically left) is where ________ blood is located

A

Deoxygenated

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16
Q

Movement of blood through the heart

A

Superior vena cava –> right atrium –> tricuspid –> right ventricle –> pulmonary valve –> pulmonary arteries –> lungs

Returns through pulmonary veins –> left atrium –> bicuspid/mitral valve –> left ventricle –> aortic valve –> aorta

17
Q

Towards the heart is a

Away from the heart is a

A

Vein

Artery

18
Q

Function of a valve

A

Let blood through
Valve shuts to prevent blood to go backwards - creates a one way system

19
Q

How does pressure relate with valves opening and closing

A

Increase of pressure in the heart forces the valve open. When there is a relaxation of the heart, valves are closed

Human Physiology and exercise (12 decks)

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