WEEK 5 (World Englishes and bias-free Lanuage)

Question 1

• The variations of English used in different sociolinguistic situations are identified by scholars of world englishes through an analysis of their background, function, history, and influence.
• This concept clearly described in the 3 concentric circles (Kachru, 1982). It maps the growth and spread of English in the world into different circles

Answer 1

World Englishes

Question 2

This refers to the traditional bases of English where the language is the native language or L1 of the countries such as United Kingdom, USA and Canada.

Answer 2

Inner Circle

Question 3

A circle consists of a large speech community with great diversity and distinct characteristics (Singapore, Philippines and India)

Answer 3

Outer Circle

Question 4

refers to the countries where English is a foreign language such as China, Japan, Korea, etc.

Answer 4

Expanding Circle

Question 5

• While __________________ and Commonwealth English are somewhat similar, Philippine English has historically used American English spelling and grammar.
• According to Dayag (in Dapat & Chang , 2018) It is associated with a distinct accent, a localized vocabulary and even a body of creative writing by Filipino writers in English.

Answer 5

Philippine English

Question 6

Varieties of Philippine English

Answer 6

1. Acrolectal
2. Mesolectal
3. Basilectal

Question 7

It is associated with academics, bilinguals from English-speaking homes and English majors at university level.

Answer 7

Acrolectal Philippine Language

Question 8

It is spoken by professionals who are non-English majors and who mostly use English in the workplace, and who display noticeably Philippine accent.

Answer 8

Mesolectal Philippine English

Question 9

It typically differs from the standard language in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, and can often develop into different language.

Answer 9

Basilectal Philippine English

Question 10

To write in a culturally sensitive way means to be aware that cultural differences and similarities between people exist and that these should not be assigned a positive or negative value via words and descriptions selected in writing

Answer 10

Bias-Free Language

Question 11

General principles to consider in Bias-Free Language

Answer 11

1. Race and Ethnicity
2. Cultural Relativism
3. Melting Pot Philosophy
4. Pluralism
5. Multiculturalism

Question 12

It is the tendency of a group of people to consider their culture as superior to all other cultures.

Answer 12

Race and Ethnicity

Question 13

It is the acceptance that all cultures are equal in value with one another despite their differences.

Answer 13

Cultural Relativism

Question 14

Pertains to the idea that different cultures will blend together and create one ultimate culture.

Answer 14

Melting Pot Philosophy

Question 15

Refers to the acknowledgement of cultural relativism and promotion of respect for uniqueness and forbearance of diversity of culture.

Answer 15

Pluralism

Question 16

is a phenomenon of cultural diversity where tolerance of different cultures exists with no one culture dominating the others.

Answer 16

Multiculturalism

Question 17

• The mutual constructions of meaning across cultural boundaries is intercultural communication. It is the process by which members of various groups perceive and attempt to make sense of one another (Bennett, 2018)
• The creation of strong relationships and the exchange of ideas and cultural norms are the main goals of intercultural communication (Schriefer, 2016).

Answer 17

Intercultural Communication

Question 18

Improving Intercultural Communication

Answer 18

1. Pay attention to your words and actions.
2. Control your assumptions.
3. Engage in transpection.
4. Gain knowledge.
5. Gain experience.

Question 19

NEVER BACK DOWN NEVER WHAT?!

Answer 19

NEVER GIVE UP!!!