Week 5 - Motivation and Adherence to Exercise Flashcards
What are some reasons not to exercise?
Perceived lack of time
Lack of energy
Lack of motivation
What are some reasons to exercise?
Weight control Reduce risk of cardiovascular disease Reduce stress and depression Enjoyment Enhancement of self esteem Opportunity to socialise
What is the health belief model?
The likelihood of an individuals engaging in preventative health behaviours (such as exercise) depends on the persons perception of the severity of the potential illness as well as the appraisal of the costs and benefits of taking action.
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
Intentions are the best predictor of actual behaviour
Intentions are the product of individuals attitude towards the behaviour and what is normative regarding the behaviour. Also perceived behavioural control over it!
What is social cognitive theory?
Proposes that personal, behavioural, and environmental factors operate as reciprocally interacting determinants of each other.
Self-efficacy
What is the self determination theory?
People are inherently motivated to feel connected to others within a social milieu (relatedness), to function effectively in that milieu (effectance), and to feel a sense of personal initiative in doing so (autonomy)
What does the theory of planned behaviour, social cognitive theory and self-determination theory have in common?
Try to grasp why people do/don’t do exercise
Focus on the given moment in time
What is the transtheoretical model?
Individuals progress through a stages of change and that movement across the stages is cyclic.
What are the stages in the transtheoretical model?
Precontemplation - do not intent to start exercise
Contemplation - intend to start exercise
Preparation - beginning of exercise (not regular)
Action - exercising (regularly) < 6mths
Maintainence - exercising (regularly) > 6mths
Termination - not exercising > 5years
Adherence
Sticking with it, continuing in spite of obstacles the continuation of a target behaviour
What is the difference between motivations and adherence?
Motivation - about getting out of your chair
Adherence - about not slumping back into it and continuing to get out of the chair
What are the two categories of determinants of exercise adherence?
Personal factors
Environmental factors
In relation to the determiners of exercise, what are the personal factors?
Demographic variables - high income bracket, educated, of higher economic status
Cognitive and personality variables - high self-efficacy, self motivation, particular beliefs/expectations
Behaviours - history of previous adherence, participation by friends, parents and siblings
In relation to the determiners of exercise, what are the environmental factors?
Social environment
Physical environment
Physical activity characteristics
