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Spring 2015: Clinical Conditions 2 > Week 5: Low Vision > Flashcards

Week 5: Low Vision Flashcards

1
Q

Unimpaired vision has the visual acuity of?

A

20/20

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2
Q

This the term for the measure of how clearly we see?

A

Visual Acuity

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3
Q

This is the term for a visual impairment significant enough to interfere with performance of daily occupations but with some use of the vision that is left (functional vision) that can be used to perform tasks?

A

Low Vision

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4
Q

What is legal blindness?

A

When a person has visual acuity with best correction of 20/200 or worse in the better eye
OR
Field of vision is restricted to 20 degrees or less in both eyes

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5
Q

T/F most people who are blind have minimal to no functional vision?

A

False, only about 25%

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6
Q

Low vision can be caused by?

A

Eye condiitons
Aging
Trauma
Environment

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7
Q

T/F: Low Vision and Blindness are the same?

A

False

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8
Q

T/F: As an OT, we will typically see a client whose vision issue is their sole diagnosis?

A

False; usually goes along with another diagnosis

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9
Q

T/F: Low vision is not a natural part of aging?

A

True

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10
Q

How do most people develop low vision?

A

Eye disease (due to lifestyle choices or environments)

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11
Q

Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD/ARMD), Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts are examples of?

A

Eye Diseases

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12
Q

This is the white part of the eye?

A

Sclera

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13
Q

This is the clear face of the eyeball that allows light to enter the eye and directs it towards the retina?

A

Cornea

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14
Q

The uvea or vascular layer includes what 3 structures?

A
  1. Choroid
  2. Ciliary Body
  3. Iris
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15
Q

This is the posterior part of the eye that supplies nutrients to the retina and removes the waste?

A

Choroid

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16
Q

This is the structure that controls the movement of fluid in the eye and out of the eye?

A

Ciliary Body

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17
Q

This is the colored part of the eye?

A

Iris

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18
Q

Sclera and Cornea make up which layer of the eye?

A

Outermost

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19
Q

The Choroid, Ciliary Body, and Iris make up which layer of the eye?

A

Middle

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20
Q

This is a layer of nerve cells that line the inside of the eyeball that can sense light; it receives visual messages and transmits the message to axons that make up the optic nerve to the brain?

A

Retina

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21
Q

The retina makes up which layer of the eye?

A

Innermost

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22
Q

The center of the retina is known as the?

A

Macula

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23
Q

The very center part of the macula?

A

Fovea

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24
Q

This area of the eye has a high concentration of cone cells for detailed vision and color vision?

A

Retina

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25
These cells provide peripheral and night vision?
Rods
26
These cells provide central and color vision?
Cones
27
What is the most important area of the eye for seeing fine details and distances?
Retina
28
T/F: the lens is vascularized?
False
29
What structure helps focus light rays onto the retina?
Lens
30
What structure helps the lens change its shape?
Ciliary Body
31
What is the transparent gel that fills the eye?
Vitreous Humor
32
What is the Visual Pathway?
Optic Nerve --> Optic Chiasm --> Optic Tract --> LGN --> Occipital Lobe/Primary Visual Cortex
33
What is a "refractive error" of the eye?
when the optical system doesn't focus properly
34
What is myopia?
Nearsightedness | Meaning that they have issues with seeing far; the image falls in front of the retina
35
What is hyperopia?
Farsightedness | Meaning that they have issues seeing close up; the image falls behind the retina
36
This condition can occur when the front surface of the eye, the cornea, is irregular in shape and prevents light from focusing properly on the retina causing things to be blurred at a distance?
Astigmatism
37
Hyperopia, Myopia, and Astigmatism are examples of what?
Refractive Errors in Vision
38
How are refractive errors fixed (3)?
Glasses Contact Lenses Surgery
39
The term for the level of detail which people see objects?
Acuity
40
The term fir the total area one sees in a single view without turning the head?
Visual Field
41
This is the term for the ability to distinguish between shade of dark and light?
Contrast Sensitivity
42
This is the term for the ability to regulate light coming into the eye and control glare?
Glare Modulation
43
This is the term for the ability to correctly process and interpret information the brain receives from both eyes?
Visual Perception
44
What does OD stand for?
Right eye
45
What does OS stand for?
Left eye
46
What does OU stand for?
Both eyes
47
What does VA stand for?
Visual Acuity
48
This level of vision is required to pass driver's tests and is the level that most printed material is at?
Near Normal
49
This level of vision is when there in no light perception?
Blindness
50
This is the term for the capacity to distinguish between similar shade of light and dark?
Contrast discrimination
51
T/F Interpretation errors are purely a vision issue?
False, a visual perceptual function can be effected as well
52
The pattern of vision loss that results from macular degeneration?
Central VF
53
The pattern of vision loss that results from Glaucoma or Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Peripheral VF
54
The pattern of vision loss that results from CVA?
Hemifield
55
The pattern of vision loss that results from Cataracts, Diabetic Retinopathy, AIDS, etc.?
Full VF
56
This is a disease of the lens that makes it cloudy?
Cataracts
57
T/F: Cataracts are common with aging?
True
58
This is a disease that is progressive damage to the optic nerve usually resulting in the buildup of fluid pressure inside the eye?
Glaucoma
59
Treatment for Glaucoma?
Eye drops Medication Laser Treatment Surgery
60
This disease is characterized by fluid and blood leaking into the retina and macula causing retinal contraction/detachment?
Diabetic Retinopathy
61
Diabetic Retinopathy puts a person at risk for what two diseases?
Cataracts | Glaucoma
62
What are common symptom seen in diabetic retinopathy?
near vision distorted and visual field blurring or obstruction
63
This disease is characterized by progressive loss of central vision from scarring or atrophy of the macula?
Age related macular degeneration (ARMD/AMD)
64
Difficulty reading, color vision reduction, and increased need for light are commonly seen in which disease?
ARMD
65
Which kind of ARMD is more common?
Dry
66
This type of ARMD progresses slowly and causes subtle vision changes?
Dry
67
T/F: there are no treatments for Dry ARMD?
True
68
This type of ARMD is due to leaking blood vessels that have grown under the retina?
Wet
69
What is a scotoma?
A large dark spot appearing in central vision
70
Treatment for Wet ARMD?
- Laser photocoagulation that destroys new blood vessels that leak - Diet supplements - Eye injections
71
This disease us hereditary and progressive; this is characterized by deterioration of the retinal cells and underlying layers?
Retinitis Pigmentosis
72
This is characterized by shrinking VF and causing severe limitations in visual function?
Retinitis Pigmentosis

Spring 2015: Clinical Conditions 2 (4 decks)

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