Week 5: Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence Flashcards
What are the ideas of intelligence in individualistic cultures?
Practical problem solving Verbal ability Social competence Ability to connect and compare Goal orientation Abstract thought Adaptability
What are the ideas of intelligence in collectivistic cultures?
Solve problems by considering the impact on others
Interpersonal harmony
Responsive to social and contextual changes
Self awareness
Modesty
Who first came up with the general theory of intelligence?
Spearman
According to Spearman, what can intelligence be split up into?
G - general intelligence
S - specific abilities
What tests can be used to measure general intelligence? (G)
Welchsler
Raven
According to Thurstone, how many factors are there in overall intelligence?
7
What are Thurstone’s 7 factors of intelligence?
Associative memory Number Perceptual speed Reasoning Spatial visualisation Verbal comprehension World fluency
According to Cattell, how many factors are there in overall intelligence?
2
What are Cattell’s 2 factors of intelligence?
Fluid intelligence (Gf) Crystallised intelligence (Gc)
What is fluid intelligence according to Cattell?
Our primary reasoning ability to solve abstract relational problems including being able to recognise patterns and take in new information
What is crystallised intelligence according to Cattell?
General knowledge we aquire as we age including our vocabulary
How do fluid and crystallised intelligence change as we age?
Gc increases as we age
Gf is present from birth but stabalises in adulthood
What is Carroll’s higherarchial model of intelligence?
G is the top level
And then they split off into sub sections like a tree
What kind of model is the WAIS test based off?
The higherarchial model
What are most recent theories of intelligence based on?
Cognitive neuroscience
What is the PASS theory of intelligence?
4 main processes in intelligence:
Planning
Attention
Simultaneous - intergrating concepts
Successive - organising stimuli into a sequence
What is the reliability and validity of the CAS cognitive test?
High reliability as readings were the same after 4 weeks
High predictive validity on academic performance
How much of IQ is based on genetics?
40-80%
Highly debated
How much of IQ is based on shared environment?
20-40% in childhood but 0 in adulthood
Apart from genetics and shared environment, what other factors can affect IQ?
Prenatal factors
Early nutrition
School education
Birth order - eldest children get more resources
What is the Mozart effect?
People did 8/9 points higher on an IQ test after listening to Mozart
Doesn’t reflect an increase in intelligence though
What was Garner’s theory of intelligence?
There are 8 types of independent intelligence
How does Garner’s intelligences correlate with G?
Everything correlated apart from:
Bodily-kinestetic
Musical
Interpersonal
Which supports the higherarchial structure, not that all intelligences are independent
What is emotional intelligence?
The ability to perceive, understand and manage your own emotions and the emotions of others
What can emotional intelligence be divided into?
Ability
Trait
What is EI ability?
The ability to monitor our own feelings and emotions as well as in others. To be able to discriminate between the and use this to guide our thinking and actions
What is EI trait?
A constellation of behavioural dispositions and self perceptions concerning ones ability to recognize, process and utilize emotion information
What is the ability model of EI?
We start at perceiving and facilitate thinking (experimental)
And then move on to understanding and managing emotions (strategic)
What are the mixed models of intelligence?
Emotional competence theory (Goleman)
Emotional Quotient theory (Bar-On)
According to the ability theory of EI, where does EI come from?
Parents emotion talk
Women score higher than men
No official data on heritability
According to the trait theory of EI, where does EI come from?
Behavioural genetic study found 30-50% genetic influence
Unique but not shared environment
Similar % to personality traits
