Week 5 - Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
What is ANOVA?
What purpose does it serve?
Analysis of Variance.
Allows you to compare more than two means.
What rules must be met for ANOVA?
- The samples must all be random or unbiased.
- All samples must be independent of each other.
- Observations within each sample must be independent.
- All of the samples must be drawn from approximately normal populations. If the data in one or more samples are severely non-normal ANOVA cannot be used unless you elect to transform all the data.
- All samples should have approximately equal variances.
What is a type I error and what is another name for it?
Is it a big deal?
Type I error is considering something different when it is not (aka alpha error).
BIG DEAL!
What is a type II error and what is another name for it?
Is it a big deal?
Type II error is considering something not different when it is (aka beta error)
Meh.
Type __ errors are considered more deleterious to society and medicine…once you open Pandoras box, its very hard to close (e.g. vaccines cause autism)
Type I errors are considered more deleterious to society and medicine…once you open Pandoras box, its very hard to close (e.g. vaccines cause autism)
What type of error is possible if doing too many comparisons?
Type II
Goal of hypothesis testing
Test theory about population parameter.
CI
Confidence interval - range of plausible values for parameter
HT
Hypothesis Testing - mere 2 alternatives
Types of hypotheses
Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis
Hypothesis Testing
Test theory about population parameter
Chi-Square Tests
Hypothesis Testing for Categorical or Ordinal outcomes
Contingency Tables
To test the independence of two variables of classification
If A and B were independent, we would expect P(A ∏ B) =
P(A)P(B)
A large chi squared value indicates what? What does it not indicate?
Indicates strong evidence of association, but not necessarily a strong association.
