Week 5 - Digestive System and Metabolism Flashcards
1
Q
Organs of digestive system consist of
Digestive Tract -
(gastrointestinal tract/alimentary canal) - includes
A
- mouth
- pharynx
-oesophagus - stomach
- small intestines
- large intestines
2
Q
Digestive Tract -
(gastrointestinal tract/alimentary canal) -
is a
A
- continuous hollow muscular tube approximately 9m in length, no muscle tone, from mouth to anus
- open to body at mouth and anus
- lumen of digestive tract is outside body
3
Q
Organs of digestive system consist of
Accessory Organs (not part but assists digestion)
A
- teeth
- tongue
- salivary glands
- gall bladder
- liver
- pancreas
4
Q
Learning Objective 1
A
Describe the 6 major processes of the
digestive system.
5
Q
- Ingestion
A
- Taking food and drink into digestive tract
- usually occurs via the mouth
- food and drink that is swallowed - bolus
6
Q
- Propulsion
A
- Moving food or waste through the digestive tracts
- swallowing (initiated voluntarily
- ## peristalsis (constriction of muscle around food) - alternate waves of muscle contraction and relaxation
7
Q
- Propulsion - done by
A
Rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles (circular muscle and longitudinal muscles)
- Controlled by both parasympathetic and sympathetic NS, their motility respectively
8
Q
- Mechanical Breakdown
A
- Physically breaking the food up into smaller fragments so it can be chemically digested by enzymes
9
Q
- Mechanical Breakdown can occur in
A
Mouth : Chewing and mixing food and saliva → Bolus
Stomach: Churning and mixing with gastric juice → Chyme
Small Intestine: Segmentation → mixes food with digestive juices and aids in nutrient absorption
10
Q
- Chemical Digestion
Food (polymer)
A
brokn down by specific enzymes
11
Q
- Chemical Digestion
Carbohydrates
A
12
Q
- Chemical Digestion
Proteins
A
13
Q
- Chemical Digestion
Fats/triglycerides
A
14
Q
- Chemical Digestion
Nucleic acids
A
